1. Overview
NGINX Amplify is a free monitoring tool that can be used with a microservice architecture based on NGINX and Docker. Amplify is developed and maintained by Nginx Inc. — the company behind the NGINX software.
With Amplify it is possible to collect and aggregate metrics across Docker containers, and present a coherent set of visualizations of the key NGINX performance data, such as active connections or requests per second. It is also easy to quickly check for any performance degradations, traffic anomalies, and get a deeper insight into the NGINX configuration in general.
In order to use Amplify, a small Python-based agent software Amplify Agent should be installed inside the container.
The official documentation for Amplify is available here.
1.1. NGINX Amplify Agent Inside Docker Container
The Amplify Agent can be deployed in a Docker environment to monitor NGINX instances inside Docker containers.
The "agent-inside-the-container" is currenly the only mode of operation. In other words, the agent should be running in the same container, next to the NGINX instance.
1.2. Standalone Mode
By default the agent will try to determine the OS hostname on startup (see the docs here for more information). The hostname is used to generate an UUID to uniquely identify the new object in the monitoring backend.
This means that in the absence of the additional configuration steps, each new container started from an Amplify-enabled Docker image will be reported as a standalone system in the Amplify web user interface. Moreover, the reported hostname is typically something not easily readable.
When using Amplify with Docker, another option is available and recommended — which is imagename. The imagename option tells the Amplify Agent that it's running in a container environment, and that the agent should collect and report metrics and metadata accordingly.
If you prefer to see the individual instances started from the same image as separate objects, assign different imagename to each of the running instances.
You can learn more about the agent configuration options here.
1.3. Aggregate Mode
As described above, when reporting a new object for monitoring, the agent honors the imagename configuration option in the /etc/amplify-agent/agent.conf file.
The imagename option should be set either in the Dockerfile or using the environment variables.
It is possible to explicitly specify the same imagename for multiple instances. In this scenario, the metrics received from several agents will be aggregated internally on the backend side — with a single 'container'-type object created for monitoring.
This way a combined view of various statistics can be obtained (e.g. for a "microservice"). For example, this combined view can display the total number of requests per second through all backend instances of a microservice.
Containers with a common imagename do not have to share the same local Docker image or NGINX configuration. They can be located on different physical hosts too.
To set a common imagename for several containers started from the Amplify-enabled image, you may either:
- Configure it explicitly in the Dockerfile
# If AMPLIFY_IMAGENAME is set, the startup wrapper script will use it to
# generate the 'imagename' to put in the /etc/amplify-agent/agent.conf
# If several instances use the same 'imagename', the metrics will
# be aggregated into a single object in NGINX Amplify. Otherwise Amplify
# will create separate objects for monitoring (an object per instance).
# AMPLIFY_IMAGENAME can also be passed to the instance at runtime as
# described below.
ENV AMPLIFY_IMAGENAME my-docker-instance-123
or
- Use the
-eoption withdocker runas in
docker run --name mynginx1 -e API_KEY=ffeedd0102030405060708 -e AMPLIFY_IMAGENAME=my-service-123 -d nginx-amplify
1.4. Current Limitations
The following list summarizes existing limitations of monitoring Docker containers with Amplify:
- In order for the agent to collect additional NGINX metrics the NGINX logs should be kept inside the container (by default the NGINX logs are redirected to the Docker log collector). Alternatively the NGINX logs can be fed to the agent via syslog.
- In "aggregate" mode, some of the OS metrics and metadata are not collected (e.g. hostnames, CPU usage, Disk I/O metrics, network interface configuration).
- The agent can only monitor NGINX from inside the container. It is not currently possible to run the agent in a separate container and monitor the neighboring containers running NGINX.
We've been working on improving the support for Docker even more. Stay tuned!
2. How to Build and Run an Amplify-enabled NGINX image?
2.1. Building an Amplify-enabled image with NGINX
(Note: If you are really new to Docker, here's how to install Docker Engine on various OS.)
Let's pick our official NGINX Docker image as a good example. The Dockerfile that we're going to use for an Amplify-enabled image is part of this repo.
Here's how you can build the Docker image with the Amplify Agent inside, based on the official NGINX image:
git clone https://github.com/nginxinc/docker-nginx-amplify.git
cd docker-nginx-amplify
docker build -t nginx-amplify .
After the image is built, check the list of Docker images:
docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
nginx-amplify latest d039b39d2987 3 minutes ago 241.6 MB
2.2. Running an Amplify-enabled NGINX Docker Container
Unless already done, you have to sign up, create an account in NGINX Amplify, and obtain a valid API_KEY.
To start a container from the new image, use the command below:
docker run --name mynginx1 -e API_KEY=ffeedd0102030405060708 -e AMPLIFY_IMAGENAME=my-service-123 -d nginx-amplify
where the API_KEY is that assigned to your NGINX Amplify account, and the AMPLIFY_IMAGENAME is set to identify the running service as described in sections 1.2 and 1.3 above.
After the container has started, you may check its status with docker ps:
docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
7d7b47ba4c72 nginx-amplify "/entrypoint.sh" 3 seconds ago Up 2 seconds 80/tcp, 443/tcp mynginx1
and you can also check docker logs:
docker logs 7d7b47ba4c72
starting nginx ...
updating /etc/amplify-agent/agent.conf ...
---> using api_key = ffeedd0102030405060708
---> using imagename = my-service-123
starting amplify-agent ...
Check what processes have started:
docker exec 7d7b47ba4c72 ps axu
USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND
root 1 0.0 0.1 4328 676 ? Ss 19:33 0:00 /bin/sh /entrypoint.sh
root 5 0.0 0.5 31596 2832 ? S 19:33 0:00 nginx: master process nginx -g daemon off;
nginx 11 0.0 0.3 31988 1968 ? S 19:33 0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx 65 0.6 9.1 111584 45884 ? S 19:33 0:06 amplify-agent
If you see the amplify-agent process, it all went smoothly, and you should see the new container in the Amplify web user interface in about a minute or so.
Check the Amplify Agent log:
docker exec 7d7b47ba4c72 tail /var/log/amplify-agent/agent.log
2016-08-05 19:49:39,001 [65] supervisor agent started, version=0.37-1 pid=65 uuid=<..> imagename=my-service-123
2016-08-05 19:49:39,047 [65] nginx_config running nginx -t -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
2016-08-05 19:49:40,047 [65] supervisor post https://receiver.amplify.nginx.com:443/<..>/ffeedd0102030405060708/agent/ 200 85 4 0.096
2016-08-05 19:50:24,674 [65] bridge_manager post https://receiver.amplify.nginx.com:443/<..>/ffeedd0102030405060708/update/ 202 2370 0 0.084
When you're done with the container, you can stop it like the following:
docker stop 7d7b47ba4c72
To check the status of all containers (running and stopped):
docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
7d7b47ba4c72 nginx-amplify "/entrypoint.sh" 22 minutes ago Exited (137) 19 seconds ago mynginx1
Happy monitoring, and feel free to send us questions, opinions, and any feedback in general.