Introduction
Biofast is a small benchmark for evaluating the performance of programming languages and implementations on a few common tasks in the field of Bioinformatics. It currently includes two benchmarks: interval query and FASTQ parsing. Please see also the companion blog post.
Results
Setup
We ran the test on a CentOS 7 server with two EPYC 7301 CPUs and 1TB memory. The system comes with gcc-4.8.5, python-3.7.6, nim-1.2.0, julia-1.4.1, go-1.14.3, luajit-322db02 and k8-0.2.5. Relatively small libraries are included in the lib directory directory.
We tried to avoid other active processes when test programs were running. Timing in this page was obtained with hyperfine, which reports CPU time averaged in at least ten rounds. Peak memory was often measured only once as hyperfine doesn't report memory usage.
Full results can be found in the bedcov and fqcnt directories, respectively. This README only shows one implementation per language. We exclude those binding to C libraries and try to select the one implementing a similar algorithm to the C version.
Computing the depth and breadth of coverage from BED files
In this benchmark, we load one BED file into memory. We stream another BED file and compute coverage of each interval using the cgranges algorithm (see the C++ header for algorithm details). The output all programs should be identical "bedtools coverage". In the table below, "t" stands for CPU time in seconds and "M" for peak memory in mega-bytes. Subscripts "g2r" and "r2g" correspond to the following two command lines, respectively:
bedcov ex-rna.bed ex-anno.bed # g2r
bedcov ex-anno.bed ex-rna.bed # r2gBoth input BED files can be found in biofast-data-v1.tar.gz from the
download page.
| Program | Language | tg2r (s) | Mg2r (Mb) | tr2g (s) | Mr2g (Mb) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| bedcov_c1_cgr.c | C | 5.2 | 138.4 | 10.7 | 19.1 |
| bedcov_cr1_klib.cr | Crystal | 8.8 | 319.6 | 14.8 | 40.7 |
| bedcov_nim1_klib.nim | Nim | 16.6 | 248.4 | 26.0 | 34.1 |
| bedcov_jl1_klib.jl | Julia | 25.9 | 428.1 | 63.0 | 257.0 |
| bedcov_go1.go | Go | 34.0 | 318.9 | 21.8 | 47.3 |
| bedcov_js1_cgr.js | Javascript | 76.4 | 2219.9 | 80.0 | 316.8 |
| bedcov_lua1_cgr.lua | LuaJIT | 174.7 | 2668.0 | 218.9 | 364.6 |
| bedcov_py1_cgr.py | PyPy | 17332.9 | 1594.3 | 5481.2 | 256.8 |
| bedcov_py1_cgr.py | Python | >33770.4 | 2317.6 | >20722.0 | 313.7 |
- For the full table and technical notes, see the bedcov directory.
FASTQ parsing
In this benchmark, we parse a 4-line FASTQ file consisting of 5,682,010
records and report the number of records and the total length of sequences and
quality. The input file is M_abscessus_HiSeq.fq in
biofast-data-v1.tar.gz from the download page. In the table below,
"tgzip" gives the CPU time in seconds for gzip'd input and
"tplain" gives the time for raw input without compression.
| Program | Language | tgzip (s) | tplain (s) | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| fqcnt_rs2_needletail.rs | Rust | 9.3 | 0.8 | needletail; fasta/4-line fastq |
| fqcnt_c1_kseq.c | C | 9.7 | 1.4 | multi-line fasta/fastq |
| fqcnt_cr1_klib.cr | Crystal | 9.7 | 1.5 | kseq.h port |
| fqcnt_nim1_klib.nim | Nim | 10.5 | 2.3 | kseq.h port |
| fqcnt_jl1_klib.jl | Julia | 11.2 | 2.9 | kseq.h port |
| fqcnt_js1_k8.js | Javascript | 17.5 | 9.4 | kseq.h port |
| fqcnt_go1.go | Go | 19.1 | 2.8 | 4-line only |
| fqcnt_lua1_klib.lua | LuaJIT | 28.6 | 27.2 | partial kseq.h port |
| fqcnt_py2_rfq.py | PyPy | 28.9 | 14.6 | partial kseq.h port |
| fqcnt_py2_rfq.py | Python | 42.7 | 19.1 | partial kseq.h port |
- For the full table and technical notes, see the fqcnt directory.