Credits to Nick Aleks for the logo!
graphw00f - GraphQL Server Fingerprinting
Table of Contents
- How does it work?
- Detections
- GraphQL Threat Matrix
- Prerequisites
- Installation
- Configuration
- Example Usage
- Support & Issues
- Resources
How does it work?
graphw00f (inspired by wafw00f) is the GraphQL fingerprinting tool for GQL endpoints, it sends a mix of benign and malformed queries to determine the GraphQL engine running behind the scenes. graphw00f will make use of the GraphQL Threat Matrix project to provide insight into what security defences each technology provides out of the box, and whether they are on or off by default.
Specially crafted queries cause different GraphQL server implementations to respond uniquely to queries, mutations and subscriptions, this makes it trivial to fingerprint the backend engine and distinguish between the various GraphQL implementations. (CWE: CWE-200)
Detections
graphw00f currently attempts to discover the following GraphQL engines:
- Graphene - Python
- Ariadne - Python
- Apollo - TypeScript
- graphql-go - Go
- gqlgen - Go
- WPGraphQL - PHP
- GraphQL API for Wordpress - PHP
- graphql-ruby - Ruby
- graphql-php - PHP
- Hasura - Haskell
- HyperGraphQL - Java
- graphql-java - Java
- Juniper - Rust
- Sangria - Scala
- Flutter - Dart
- Diana.jl - Julia
- Strawberry - Python
- Tartiflette - Python
- Dgraph - JavaScript
- Directus - TypeScript
- AWS AppSync
- GraphQL Yoga - TypeScript
- Lighthouse - PHP
- Agoo - Ruby
- Mercurius - JavaScript
- morpheus-graphql - Haskell
- Lacinia - Clojure
- Caliban - Scala
- jaal - Golang
GraphQL Threat Matrix
The graphw00f project uses the GraphQL Threat Matrix Project as its technology security matrix database. When graphw00f successfully fingerprints a GraphQL endpoint, it will print out the threat matrix document. This document helps security engineers to identify how mature the technology is, what security features it offers, and whether it contains any CVEs.
Prerequisites
- python3
- requests
Installation
Clone Repository
git clone https://github.com/dolevf/graphw00f.git
Run graphw00f
Usage: main.py -d -f -t http://example.com
Options:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-r, --noredirect Do not follow redirections given by 3xx responses
-t URL, --target=URL target url with the path
-f, --fingerprint fingerprint mode
-d, --detect detect mode
-p PROXY, --proxy=PROXY
HTTP(S) proxy URL in the form
http://user:pass@host:port
-T TIMEOUT, --timeout=TIMEOUT
Request timeout in seconds
-o OUTPUT_FILE, --output-file=OUTPUT_FILE
Output results to a file (CSV)
-l, --list List all GraphQL technologies graphw00f is able to
detect
-u USERAGENT, --user-agent=USERAGENT
Custom user-agent to use (overrides the one from
headers configuration)
-H HEADER, --header=HEADER
Custom headers to send (e.g. "Authorization: Bearer
ey...").
-w WORDLIST, --wordlist=WORDLIST
Path to a list of custom GraphQL endpoints
-v, --version Print out the current version and exit.
Configuration
There aren't a whole lot of configurations required for graphw00f. But, if you need things like Authorization headers or Cookies set for a particular endpoint, use the conf.py file.
# Custom Headers
HEADERS = {'User-Agent':'graphw00f'}
# Custom Cookies
COOKIES = {"PHPSESS":"DEADBEEF"}
Using --user-agent adds User-Agent key regardless if conf.py file has it, if the file already has one, command-line parameter overrides it.
Example
Fingerprinting GraphQL
This is an example how to fingerprint (-f) an endpoint where GraphQL's location is known ahead of time (/graphql)
python3 main.py -f -t https://demo.hypergraphql.org:8484/graphql
+-------------------+
| graphw00f |
+-------------------+
*** ***
** ***
** **
+--------------+ +--------------+
| Node X | | Node Y |
+--------------+ +--------------+
*** ***
** **
** **
+------------+
| Node Z |
+------------+
graphw00f - v1.0.7
The fingerprinting tool for GraphQL
Dolev Farhi <[email protected]>
[*] Checking if GraphQL is available at https://demo.hypergraphql.org:8484/graphql...
[*] Found GraphQL...
[*] Attempting to fingerprint...
[*] Discovered GraphQL Engine: (HyperGraphQL)
[!] Attack Surface Matrix: https://github.com/dolevf/graphw00f/blob/main/docs/hypergraphql.md
[!] Technologies: Java
[!] Homepage: https://www.hypergraphql.org
[*] Completed.
Detecting and Fingerprinting GraphQL
This is an example how graphw00f can detect (-d) where GraphQL lives and then execute the fingerprinting process (-f).
python3 main.py -f -d -t http://localhost:5000
+-------------------+
| graphw00f |
+-------------------+
*** ***
** ***
** **
+--------------+ +--------------+
| Node X | | Node Y |
+--------------+ +--------------+
*** ***
** **
** **
+------------+
| Node Z |
+------------+
graphw00f - v1.1.2
The fingerprinting tool for GraphQL
Dolev Farhi <[email protected]>
[*] Checking http://dvga.example.local:5000/graphql
[!] Found GraphQL at http://dvga.example.local:5000/graphql
[*] Attempting to fingerprint...
[*] Discovered GraphQL Engine: (Graphene)
[!] Attack Surface Matrix: https://github.com/nicholasaleks/graphql-threat-matrix/blob/master/implementations/graphene.md
[!] Technologies: Python
[!] Homepage: https://graphene-python.org
[*] Completed.
Support and Issues
Any issues with graphw00f such as false positives, inaccurate detections, bugs, etc. please create a GitHub issue with environment details.
Resources
Want to learn more about GraphQL? head over to my other project and hack GraphQL away: Damn Vulnerable GraphQL Application