Hg-Git Mercurial Plugin
- Homepage: http://hg-git.github.com/
- https://bitbucket.org/durin42/hg-git (primary)
- https://github.com/schacon/hg-git (mirror)
This is the Hg-Git plugin for Mercurial, adding the ability to push and pull to/from a Git server repository from Hg. This means you can collaborate on Git based projects from Hg, or use a Git server as a collaboration point for a team with developers using both Git and Hg.
The Hg-Git plugin can convert commits/changesets losslessly from one system to another, so you can push via an Hg repository and another Hg client can pull it and their changeset node ids will be identical - Mercurial data does not get lost in translation. It is intended that Hg users may wish to use this to collaborate even if no Git users are involved in the project, and it may even provide some advantages if you're using Bookmarks (see below).
Dependencies
This plugin is implemented entirely in Python - there are no Git binary dependencies, you do not need to have Git installed on your system. The only dependencies are Mercurial and Dulwich. See the Makefile for information about which versions of Mercurial are known to work, and setup.py for which versions of Dulwich are required.
Usage
You can clone a Git repository from Hg by running hg clone <url> [dest]. For
example, if you were to run
$ hg clone git://github.com/schacon/hg-git.git
Hg-Git would clone the repository and convert it to an Hg repository for you.
If you want to clone a github repository for later pushing (or any other repository you access via ssh), you need to convert the ssh url to a format with an explicit protocol prefix. For example, the git url with push access
[email protected]:schacon/hg-git.git
would read
git+ssh://[email protected]/schacon/hg-git.git
(Mind the switch from colon to slash after the host!)
Your clone command would thus look like this:
$ hg clone git+ssh://[email protected]/schacon/hg-git.git
If you are starting from an existing Hg repository, you have to set up
a Git repository somewhere that you have push access to, add a path entry
for it in your .hg/hgrc file, and then run hg push [name] from within
your repository. For example:
$ cd hg-git # (an Hg repository)
$ # edit .hg/hgrc and add the target git url in the paths section
$ hg push
This will convert all your Hg data into Git objects and push them to the Git server.
Now that you have an Hg repository that can push/pull to/from a Git
repository, you can fetch updates with hg pull.
$ hg pull
That will pull down any commits that have been pushed to the server in the meantime and give you a new head that you can merge in.
Hg-Git can also be used to convert a Mercurial repository to Git. You can use a local repository or a remote repository accessed via SSH, HTTP or HTTPS. Use the following commands to convert the repository (it assumes you're running this in $HOME).
$ mkdir git-repo; cd git-repo; git init; cd ..
$ cd hg-repo
$ hg bookmarks hg
$ hg push ../git-repo
The hg bookmark is necessary to prevent problems as otherwise hg-git pushes to the currently checked out branch confusing Git. This will create a branch named hg in the Git repository. To get the changes in master use the following command (only necessary in the first run, later just use git merge or rebase).
$ cd git-repo
$ git checkout -b master hg
To import new changesets into the Git repository just rerun the hg push command and then use git merge or git rebase in your Git repository.
Commands
gclear
TODO
gimport
TODO
gexport
TODO
git-cleanup
TODO
Hg Bookmarks Integration
Hg-Git pushes your bookmarks up to the Git server as branches and will pull Git branches down and set them up as bookmarks.
Installing
Clone this repository somewhere and make the 'extensions' section in
your ~/.hgrc file look something like this:
[extensions]
hggit = [path-to]/hg-git/hggit
That will enable the Hg-Git extension for you.
See the Makefile for a list of compatible Mercurial versions.
Configuration
git.intree
hg-git keeps a git repository clone for reading and updating. By default, the
git clone is the subdirectory git in your local Mercurial repository. If you
would like this git clone to be at the same level of your Mercurial repository
instead (named .git), add the following to your hgrc:
[git]
intree = True
git.authors
Git uses a strict convention for "author names" when representing changesets,
using the form [realname] [email address]. Mercurial encourages this
convention as well but is not as strict, so it's not uncommon for a Mercurial
repo to have authors listed as, for example, simple usernames. hg-git by default
will attempt to translate Mercurial usernames using the following rules:
- If the Mercurial username fits the pattern
NAME <EMAIL>, the git name will be set to NAME and the email to EMAIL. - If the Mercurial username looks like an email (if it contains an
@), the git name and email will both be set to that email. - If the Mercurial username consists of only a name, the email will be set to
none@none. - Illegal characters (stray
<s or>s) will be stripped out, and forNAME <EMAIL>usernames, any content after the right-bracket (for example, a second>) will be turned into a url-encoded sigil likeext:(%3E)in the git author name.
Since these default behaviors may not be what you want (none@none, for example,
shows up unpleasantly on Github as "illegal email address"), the git.authors
option provides for an "authors translation file" that will be used during outgoing
transfers from mercurial to git only, by modifying hgrc as such:
[git]
authors = authors.txt
Where authors.txt is the name of a text file containing author name translations,
one per each line, using the following format:
johnny = John Smith <[email protected]>
dougie = Doug Johnson <[email protected]>
Empty lines and lines starting with a "#" are ignored.
It should be noted that this translation is on the hg->git side only. Changesets coming from Git back to Mercurial will not translate back into hg usernames, so it's best that the same username/email combination be used on both the hg and git sides; the author file is mostly useful for translating legacy changesets.
git.branch_bookmark_suffix
hg-git does not convert between Mercurial named branches and git branches as
the two are conceptually different; instead, it uses Mercurial bookmarks to
represent the concept of a git branch. Therefore, when translating an hg repo
over to git, you typically need to create bookmarks to mirror all the named
branches that you'd like to see transferred over to git. The major caveat with
this is that you can't use the same name for your bookmark as that of the
named branch, and furthermore there's no feasible way to rename a branch in
Mercurial. For the use case where one would like to transfer an hg repo over
to git, and maintain the same named branches as are present on the hg side,
the branch_bookmark_suffix might be all that's needed. This presents a
string "suffix" that will be recognized on each bookmark name, and stripped
off as the bookmark is translated to a git branch:
[git]
branch_bookmark_suffix=_bookmark
Above, if an hg repo had a named branch called release_6_maintenance, you could
then link it to a bookmark called release_6_maintenance_bookmark. hg-git will then
strip off the _bookmark suffix from this bookmark name, and create a git branch
called release_6_maintenance. When pulling back from git to hg, the _bookmark
suffix is then applied back, if and only if an hg named branch of that name exists.
E.g., when changes to the release_6_maintenance branch are checked into git, these
will be placed into the release_6_maintenance_bookmark bookmark on hg. But if a
new branch called release_7_maintenance were pulled over to hg, and there was
not a release_7_maintenance named branch already, the bookmark will be named
release_7_maintenance with no usage of the suffix.
The branch_bookmark_suffix option is, like the authors option, intended for
migrating legacy hg named branches. Going forward, an hg repo that is to
be linked with a git repo should only use bookmarks for named branching.
git.mindate
If set, branches where the latest commit's commit time is older than this will
not be imported. Accepts any date formats that Mercurial does -- see
hg help dates for more.
git.similarity
Specify how similar files modified in a Git commit must be to be imported as Mercurial renames or copies, as a percentage between "0" (disabled) and "100" (files must be identical). For example, "90" means that a delete/add pair will be imported as a rename if more than 90% of the file has stayed the same. The default is "0" (disabled).
git.renamelimit
The number of files to consider when performing the copy/rename detection.
Detection is disabled if the number of files modified in a commit is above the
limit. Detection is O(N^2) in the number of files modified, so be sure not to
set the limit too high. Similar to Git's diff.renameLimit config. The default
is "400", the same as Git.
git.findcopiesharder
Whether to consider unmodified files as copy sources. This is a very expensive
operation for large projects, so use it with caution. Similar to git diff's
--find-copies-harder option.