Flutter ScrollView Observer

Language: English | 中文

This is a library of widget that can be used to listen for child widgets those are being displayed in the scroll view.

Support me ☕

Chat: Join WeChat group

Article

• Flutter - 获取ListView当前正在显示的Widget信息 | 备用链接
• Flutter - 列表滚动定位超强辅助库，墙裂推荐！🔥 | 备用链接
• Flutter - 快速实现聊天会话列表的效果，完美💯 | 备用链接
• Flutter - 船新升级😱支持观察第三方构建的滚动视图💪 | 备用链接
• Flutter - 瀑布流交替播放视频 🎞 | 备用链接
• Flutter - IM保持消息位置大升级(支持ChatGPT生成式消息) 🤖 | 备用链接

Feature

You do not need to change the view you are currently using, just wrap a ViewObserver around the view to achieve the following features.

• Observing child widgets those are being displayed in ScrollView
• Support for scrolling to a specific item in ScrollView
• Quickly implement the chat session page effect
• Support for keeping IM message position when inserting or updating messages, avoiding jitter.

Support

• ListView
• SliverList
• GridView
• SliverGrid
• Mixing usage of SliverPersistentHeader, SliverList and SliverGrid
• ScrollView built by third-party package.

Installing

Add scrollview_observer to your pubspec.yaml file:

dependencies:
  scrollview_observer: latest_version

Import scrollview_observer in files that it will be used:

import 'package:scrollview_observer/scrollview_observer.dart';

Getting Started

Take ListView as an example

1、Observing child widgets those are being displayed in the scroll view

Parameter description of ListViewObserver:

Method 1: General (Recommended)

It is relatively simple to use and has a wide application range. In general, only this method is needed

Build ListViewObserver and pass the ListView instance to the child parameter

ListViewObserver(
  child: _buildListView(),
  onObserve: (resultModel) {
    print('firstChild.index -- ${resultModel.firstChild?.index}');
    print('displaying -- ${resultModel.displayingChildIndexList}');
  },
)

By default, ListView relevant data will only be observed when scrolling.

If needed, you can use ListObserverController triggered an observation manually.

// Create an instance of [ListObserverController]
ListObserverController controller = ListObserverController();
...

// Pass the controller instance to the 'controller' parameter of 'ListViewObserver'
ListViewObserver(
  ...
  controller: controller,
  ...
)
...

// Trigger an observation manually.
controller.dispatchOnceObserve();

Definition of dispatchOnceObserve method:

Take dispatchOnceObserve of ListObserverController as an example.

Future<ListViewOnceObserveNotificationResult> dispatchOnceObserve({
  BuildContext? sliverContext,
  bool isForce = false,
  bool isDependObserveCallback = true,
})

Parameter description of dispatchOnceObserve:

Its return value can directly get the result of observation!

Method 2: Specify BuildContext for Sliver

Relatively complex to use, the scope of application is small, there are more than one Sliver is possible to use this method

BuildContext? _sliverListViewContext;

ListView _buildListView() {
  return ListView.separated(
    itemBuilder: (ctx, index) {
      if (_sliverListViewContext != ctx) {
        _sliverListViewContext = ctx;
      }
      ...
    },
    ...
  );
}

ListViewObserver(
  child: _buildListView(),
  sliverListContexts: () {
    return [if (_sliverListViewContext != null) _sliverListViewContext!];
  },
  onObserve: (resultMap) {
    final model = resultMap[_sliverListViewContext];
    if (model == null) return;

    // Prints the first child widget index that is currently being displayed
    print('firstChild.index -- ${model.firstChild?.index}');

    // Prints the index of all child widgets those are currently being displayed
    print('displaying -- ${model.displayingChildIndexList}');
  },
)

ListViewOnceObserveNotification().dispatch(_sliverListViewContext);

1.1、Parameter autoTriggerObserveTypes

Used to set types those can trigger observe automatically, defined as follows:

final List<ObserverAutoTriggerObserveType>? autoTriggerObserveTypes;

enum ObserverAutoTriggerObserveType {
  scrollStart,
  scrollUpdate,
  scrollEnd,
}

Defaults to [.scrollStart, .scrollUpdate, .scrollEnd].

Description of enum values as follow：

1.2、Parameter triggerOnObserveType

Used to set the prerequisite for triggering [onObserve] callback and [onObserveAll] callback, defined as follows:

final ObserverTriggerOnObserveType triggerOnObserveType;

enum ObserverTriggerOnObserveType {
  directly,
  displayingItemsChange,
}

Defaults to .displayingItemsChange.

Description of enum values as follow：

1.3、Callback onObserveViewport

Only CustomScrollView is supported.

Used to observe which specified slivers are being displayed in the Viewport of CustomScrollView.

SliverViewObserver(
  child: _buildScrollView(),
  sliverContexts: () {
    return [
      if (grid1Context != null) grid1Context!,
      if (swipeContext != null) swipeContext!,
      if (grid2Context != null) grid2Context!,
    ];
  },
  onObserveViewport: (result) {
    firstChildCtxInViewport = result.firstChild.sliverContext;
    if (firstChildCtxInViewport == grid1Context) {
      debugPrint('current first sliver in viewport - gridView1');
    } else if (firstChildCtxInViewport == swipeContext) {
      debugPrint('current first sliver in viewport - swipeView');
    } else if (firstChildCtxInViewport == grid2Context) {
      debugPrint('current first sliver in viewport - gridView2');
    }
  },
)

1.4、Callback customTargetRenderSliverType

Only ListViewObserver and GridViewObserver are supported.

While maintaining the original observation logic, tell the package the RenderSliver to be observed, in order to support the observation of the list built by the third-party package.

customTargetRenderSliverType: (renderObj) {
  // Here you tell the package what type of RenderObject it needs to observe.
  return renderObj is ExtendedRenderSliverList;
},

1.5、Callback customHandleObserve

This callback is used to customize the observation logic and is used when the built-in observation logic does not meet your needs.

customHandleObserve: (context) {
  // Here you can customize the observation logic.
  final _obj = ObserverUtils.findRenderObject(context);
  if (_obj is RenderSliverList) {
    ObserverCore.handleListObserve(context: context);
  }
  if (_obj is RenderSliverGrid || _obj is RenderSliverWaterfallFlow) {
    return ObserverCore.handleGridObserve(context: context);
  }
  return null;
},

1.6、Callback extendedHandleObserve

Only SliverViewObserver is supported.

This callback is used to supplement the original observation logic, which originally only dealt with RenderSliverList, RenderSliverFixedExtentList and RenderSliverGrid.

extendedHandleObserve: (context) {
  // An extension of the original observation logic.
  final _obj = ObserverUtils.findRenderObject(context);
  if (_obj is RenderSliverWaterfallFlow) {
    return ObserverCore.handleGridObserve(context: context);
  }
  return null;
},

2、Scrolling to the specified index location

It should be used with the scrollView's cacheExtent property. Assigning an appropriate value to it can avoid unnecessary page turning. The recommendations are as follows:

• If child widgets are fixed height in scrollView, use isFixedHeight instead of cacheExtent.
• For scrollView such as detail page, it is recommended to set cacheExtent to double.maxFinite.
• If child widgets are dynamic height in scrollView, it is recommended that setting cacheExtent to a large and reasonable value depending on your situation.

2.1、Basic usage

Create and use instance of ScrollController normally.

ScrollController scrollController = ScrollController();

ListView _buildListView() {
  return ListView.separated(
    controller: scrollController,
    ...
  );
}

Create an instance of ListObserverController pass it to ListViewObserver

ListObserverController observerController = ListObserverController(controller: scrollController);

ListViewObserver(
  controller: observerController,
  child: _buildListView(),
  ...
)

Now you can scroll to the specified index position

// Jump to the specified index position without animation.
observerController.jumpTo(index: 1)

// Jump to the specified index position with animation.
observerController.animateTo(
  index: 1,
  duration: const Duration(milliseconds: 250),
  curve: Curves.ease,
);

2.2、Parameter padding

If your ListView or GridView uses its padding parameter, you need to sync that value as well! Such as:

ListView.separated(padding: _padding, ...);
GridView.builder(padding: _padding, ...);

observerController.jumpTo(index: 1, padding: _padding);

⚠ Do not use SliverPadding in CustomScrollView.

2.3、Parameter isFixedHeight

If the height of a list child widget is fixed, it is recommended to use the 'isFixedHeight' parameter to improve performance.

⚠ Currently only ListView or SliverList is supported.

// Jump to the specified index position without animation.
observerController.jumpTo(index: 150, isFixedHeight: true)

// Jump to the specified index position with animation.
observerController.animateTo(
  index: 150, 
  isFixedHeight: true
  duration: const Duration(milliseconds: 250),
  curve: Curves.ease,
);

If you use CustomScrollView and its slivers contain SliverList and SliverGrid, this is also supported, but you need to use SliverViewObserver, and pass the corresponding BuildContext to distinguish the corresponding Sliver when calling the scroll method.

SliverViewObserver(
  controller: observerController,
  child: CustomScrollView(
    controller: scrollController,
    slivers: [
      _buildSliverListView1(),
      _buildSliverListView2(),
    ],
  ),
  sliverListContexts: () {
    return [
      if (_sliverViewCtx1 != null) _sliverViewCtx1!,
      if (_sliverViewCtx2 != null) _sliverViewCtx2!,
    ];
  },
  ...
)

observerController.animateTo(
  sliverContext: _sliverViewCtx2, // _sliverViewCtx1
  index: 10,
  duration: const Duration(milliseconds: 300),
  curve: Curves.easeInOut,
);

2.4、Parameter offset

Used to set the whole scrollView offset when scrolling to a specified index.

For example, in the scene with SliverAppBar, its height will change with the scrolling of ScrollView. After reaching a certain offset, it will be suspended on the top with a fixed height, and then we must pass this fixed height to the offset parameter.

SliverAppBar(
  key: appBarKey,
  pinned: true,
  expandedHeight: 200,
  flexibleSpace: FlexibleSpaceBar(
    title: const Text('AppBar'),
    background: Container(color: Colors.orange),
  ),
);

observerController.animateTo(
  ...
  offset: (offset) {
    // The height of the SliverAppBar is calculated base on target offset and is returned in the current callback.
    // The observerController internally adjusts the appropriate offset based on the return value.
    return ObserverUtils.calcPersistentHeaderExtent(
      key: appBarKey,
      offset: offset,
    );
  },
);

2.5、Parameter alignment

The alignment specifies the desired position for the leading edge of the child widget. It must be a value in the range [0.0, 1.0]. Such as:

• alignment: 0 : Scrolling to the top position of the child widget.
• alignment: 0.5 : Scrolling to the middle position of the child widget.
• alignment: 1 : Scrolling to the tail position of the child widget.

2.6、Property cacheJumpIndexOffset

For performance reasons, ScrollController will caches the child's information by default when the listView jump or animate to the specified location, so that it can be used next time directly.

However, in scence where the height of child widget is always changing dynamically, this will cause unnecessary trouble, so you can turn this off by setting the cacheJumpIndexOffset property to false.

2.7、Method clearIndexOffsetCache

You can use the clearIndexOffsetCache method if you want to preserve the cache function of scrolling and only want to clear the cache in certain cases.

/// Clear the offset cache that jumping to a specified index location.
clearIndexOffsetCache(BuildContext? sliverContext) {
  ...
}

The parameter sliverContext needs to be passed only if you manage ScrollView's BuildContext by yourself.

2.8、Initial index location

• Method 1: initialIndex

The simplest way to use, directly set the location index.

observerController = ListObserverController(controller: scrollController)
  ..initialIndex = 10;

• Method 2: initialIndexModel

You can customize the configuration of the initial index position. See the end of this section for property descriptions.

observerController = ListObserverController(controller: scrollController)
  ..initialIndexModel = ObserverIndexPositionModel(
    index: 10,
    isFixedHeight = true,
    alignment = 0.5,
  );

• Method 3: initialIndexModelBlock

You need return ObserverIndexPositionModel object within the callback.

This method applies to some of scenarios those the parameters can't be determined from the start, such as sliverContext.

observerController = SliverObserverController(controller: scrollController)
  ..initialIndexModelBlock = () {
    return ObserverIndexPositionModel(
      index: 6,
      sliverContext: _sliverListCtx,
      offset: calcPersistentHeaderExtent,
    );
  };

The structure of ObserverIndexPositionModel :

ObserverIndexPositionModel({
  required this.index,
  this.sliverContext,
  this.isFixedHeight = false,
  this.alignment = 0,
  this.offset,
  this.padding = EdgeInsets.zero,
});

3、Chat Observer

3.1、Basic usage

We only need three steps to implement the chat session page effect.

• 1、All chat data are displayed at the top of the listView when there is less than one screen of chat data.
• 2、When inserting a chat data
  • If the latest message is close to the bottom of the list, the listView will be pushed up.
  • Otherwise, the listView will be fixed to the current chat position.

Step 1: Initialize the necessary ListObserverController and ChatScrollObserver.

/// Initialize ListObserverController
observerController = ListObserverController(controller: scrollController)
  ..cacheJumpIndexOffset = false;

/// Initialize ChatScrollObserver
chatObserver = ChatScrollObserver(observerController)
  // Greater than this offset will be fixed to the current chat position.
  ..fixedPositionOffset = 5
  ..toRebuildScrollViewCallback = () {
    // Here you can use other way to rebuild the specified listView instead of [setState]
    setState(() {});
  };

Step 2: Configure ListView as follows and wrap it with ListViewObserver.

Widget _buildListView() {
  Widget resultWidget = ListView.builder(
    physics: ChatObserverClampingScrollPhysics(observer: chatObserver),
    shrinkWrap: chatObserver.isShrinkWrap,
    reverse: true,
    controller: scrollController,
    ...
  );

  resultWidget = ListViewObserver(
    controller: observerController,
    child: resultWidget,
  );
  return resultWidget;
}

Step 3: Call the [standby] method of ChatScrollObserver before inserting or removing chat data.

onPressed: () {
  chatObserver.standby();
  setState(() {
    chatModels.insert(0, ChatDataHelper.createChatModel());
  });
},
...
onRemove: () {
  chatObserver.standby(isRemove: true);
  setState(() {
    chatModels.removeAt(index);
  });
},

This feature only handles inserting one message by default. If you need to insert multiple messages at once, you can pass the changeCount parameter to the standby method.

_addMessage(int count) {
  chatObserver.standby(changeCount: count);
  setState(() {
    needIncrementUnreadMsgCount = true;
    for (var i = 0; i < count; i++) {
      chatModels.insert(0, ChatDataHelper.createChatModel());
    }
  });
}

Note: This feature relies on the latest message view before the message is inserted as a reference to calculate the offset, so if too many messages are inserted at once and the reference message view cannot be rendered, this feature will fail, and you need to try to avoid this problem by setting a reasonable value for cacheExtent of ScrollView by yourself!

3.2、The result callback for processing chat position.

chatObserver = ChatScrollObserver(observerController)
  ..onHandlePositionResultCallback = (result) {
    switch (result.type) {
      case ChatScrollObserverHandlePositionType.keepPosition:
        // Keep the current chat position.
        // updateUnreadMsgCount(changeCount: result.changeCount);
        break;
      case ChatScrollObserverHandlePositionType.none:
        // Do nothing about the chat position.
        // updateUnreadMsgCount(isReset: true);
        break;
    }
  };

This callback is mainly used to display the unread bubbles of new messages when adding chat messages.

3.3、Generative message keeps position

The generative messages like ChatGPT also need to keep the message position when looking through old messages, you only need to adjust the processing mode in the standby method.

chatObserver.standby(
  mode: ChatScrollObserverHandleMode.generative,
  // changeCount: 1,
);

Note: The referenced item will be determined internally based on changeCount, and this mode only supports the case where generative messages are continuous.

3.4、Specifies the referenced item

If your generative messages are discontinuous, or there are generative message updates and the behavior of adding and deleting messages at the same time, in this complex case, you need to specify the referenced item by yourself, and This processing mode is more flexible.

chatObserver.standby(
  changeCount: 1,
  mode: ChatScrollObserverHandleMode.specified,
  refItemRelativeIndex: 2,
  refItemRelativeIndexAfterUpdate: 2,
);

1. Set mode to .specified.
2. Set refItemRelativeIndex to relative index of the referenced item before the update.
3. Set refItemRelativeIndexAfterUpdate to relative index of the referenced item after the update.

Note: The relativeIndex refers to the relative index of the item being displayed on screen, as shown below

     trailing        relativeIndex
-----------------  -----------------
|     item4     |          4
|     item3     |          3
|     item2     |          2
|     item1     |          1
|     item0     |          0 
-----------------  -----------------
     leading

     trailing        relativeIndex
-----------------  -----------------
|     item14    |          4
|     item13    |          3
|     item12    |          2
|     item11    |          1
|     item10    |          0 
-----------------  -----------------
     leading

Remember, your refItemRelativeIndex and refItemRelativeIndexAfterUpdate should point to the same message object whatever you set!

4、Model Property

ObserveModel

The base class of the observing data.

ListViewObserveModel

A special observing models which inherits from the ObserveModel for ListView and SliverList.

GridViewObserveModel

A special observing models which inherits from the ObserveModel for GridView and SliverGrid.

ObserveDisplayingChildModel

Data information about the child widget that is currently being displayed.

ObserveDisplayingChildModelMixin

The currently displayed child widgets data information, is for ObserveDisplayingChildModel supplement.

Example

1、ListView / SliverList

2、GridView / SliverGrid

3、CustomScrollView

4、Scene

About Me

• GitHub: https://github.com/LinXunFeng
• Email: [email protected]
• Blogs:
  • 全栈行动: https://fullstackaction.com
  • 掘金: https://juejin.cn/user/1820446984512392