Multiple fixed-wing UAVs flight simulation platform
1. Introduction
A multiple fixed-wing UAVs flight simulation platform built by matlab and simulink.
传送门->中文的说明
The example given here has 5 UAVs, but of course you can expand it to 10, 20 or even more if you are willing to take the time.
Input: The path of all uavs
Output: 13 state quantities per drone per moment
pn1 % inertial Northposition
pe1 % inertial East position
pd1 % inertial Down position
u1 % body frame velocities
v1
w1
phi1 % roll angle
theta1 % pitch angle
psi1 % yaw angle
p1 % roll rate
q1 % pitch rate
r1 % yaw rate
t1 % time
2. The original intention of platform building
Recently, there is a need to extend the algorithm of cooperative control to fixed-wing UAVs, but the cooperative control algorithm generally considers first-order and second-order integrators or a bicycle model. Even if a fixed-wing model is considered, it is only a simple fixed-wing dynamics model.
But the real fixed-wing UAV flight control model is very complex and has strong nonlinearity. So how to prove that my proposed fixed-wing cooperative control algorithm, or planning algorithm is effective. You know strict mathematical proof is very difficult, but it can be proven to work well in engineering. At this point, it is necessary to use a more realistic fixed-wing flight control model to simulate the real UAV flight state. This is the reason why I built this platform.
In fact, Matlab has a simulation tool for fixed-wing UAVs( Matlab fixed-wing UAV tool ), but the official documentation is small, and it is not very convenient to use, and the animation display can only show one aircraft. In short, it is not good enough.
The code mainly refers to Randal's "Small Unmanned Aircraft Theory and Practice", which the flight control principle used in code I hardly understand. My job is to integrate them and show them inside one screen. As a person who does planning, you don't have to figure out all the underlying control principles.
3. How to use
The simulation platform can be divided into two parts, one is the calculation part 'uavA1' and the other is the display part 'uavShow'.
Just run the main.m file directly.
In fact, you can also synchronize the calculation and display, real-time calculation and then display. But personally, I think this will affect the smoothness of the display. The more aircraft the greater the impact will be.
3.1 Calculation part
The state of each aircraft is calculated in turn over time and will be stored in the x1.mat file (x1 can be x2,x3.... which indicates the number of aircraft).
- CalAlluavs.m
3.2 Show part
- ShowAlluavs.m
The data of each aircraft is stored in x, path, waypoint data. Using all the data, the show part could work.
4. How to read path files
The folder 'data' provides some path files for 5 aircraft that can be used.
If you want to calculate your own route data, you can follow these steps.
- uavA1/getWpp.m -> load '5jia.mat'
- uavA1/para_chap1.m -> load '5jia.mat'
Find the corresponding code in the file and change the name of '5jia.mat' .
'getWpp.m' Read the path
'para_chap1.m' reads the initial position of the aircraft
The simulink time needs to be adjusted according to the length of your path file, if your uav obviously did not run through your path, you need to adjust the time longer.
Details about--- getWpp( ) function
function [num_waypoints , wpp] = getWpp(P,uav)
load '5jia3.mat'
a1 = 2;
a2 = 400;
num_waypoints = a2/a1;
wpp = [];
i1 = uav;
for i = 1:a1:a2
x = [];
x = Xplot2(i,6*i1-5:6*i1-3);
x(3) = -x(3);
x = [x -9999 Xplot2(i,6*i1-2)];
wpp = [wpp;x];
end5jia3.mat: The file which stores the states of 5 aircraft
400x30
400:Step length
30: 5x6 6 state quantities for 5 aircraft
positions in three directions：x y z
velocity :v
Two angles of the velocity : theta phi (velocity has no Rolling angle )_
14-20 line:dealing with the file 5jia3.mat
x = Xplot2(i,6i1-5:6i1-3): 6i1-5:6i1-3 to get the positions x,y,z
6*i1-2 to get the velocity
Now I have 400 steps of states to pass, and I don't want to pass each of them. So I'll pass every other one(1 , 3, 5... ), which is a1=2. Every two passes a1=3(1, 4, 7...).
If you want to read your own path file, you can follow the format of my "5jia3.mat" file to generate it, or you can set up your own path file.
As you can see, I just passed the position and velocity, not the angle of the velocity. So the subsequent flight control is only tracking the position point according to the reference speed when tracking.
5. How to increase the number of uavs
How to increase the aircraft is actually very easy but a little bit of boring. You need to add some code and change the corresponding numbers. The steps are as follows.
The steps are as follows:
1. main.m
First of all, in the 'main.m' file, you can see that the code statements for each aircraft are obvious, add the corresponding sentences.
%----------------
uavW = 1;
save('uavW.mat','uavW');
sim('New_mavsim_chap12');
ii = 1;
eval(['x' num2str(ii) '= x;'])
eval(['path' num2str(ii) '= path;'])
eval(['waypoints' num2str(ii) '= waypoints;'])
save('x1.mat','x1','path1','waypoints1');
%----------------
clear;
uavW = 2;
uavi = uavW;
save('uavW.mat','uavW');
sim('New_mavsim_chap12');
ii = 2;
eval(['x' num2str(ii) '= x;'])
eval(['path' num2str(ii) '= path;'])
eval(['waypoints' num2str(ii) '= waypoints;'])
save('x2.mat','x2','path2','waypoints2');
%----------------
clear;
uavW = 3;
save('uavW.mat','uavW');
sim('New_mavsim_chap12');
ii = 3;
eval(['x' num2str(ii) '= x;'])
eval(['path' num2str(ii) '= path;'])
eval(['waypoints' num2str(ii) '= waypoints;'])
save('x3.mat','x3','path3','waypoints3');
%----------------
clear;
uavW = 4;
save('uavW.mat','uavW');
sim('New_mavsim_chap12');
ii = 4;
eval(['x' num2str(ii) '= x;'])
eval(['path' num2str(ii) '= path;'])
eval(['waypoints' num2str(ii) '= waypoints;'])
save('x4.mat','x4','path4','waypoints4');
%----------------
clear;
uavW = 5;
save('uavW.mat','uavW');
sim('New_mavsim_chap12');
ii = 5;
eval(['x' num2str(ii) '= x;'])
eval(['path' num2str(ii) '= path;'])
eval(['waypoints' num2str(ii) '= waypoints;'])
save('x5.mat','x5','path5','waypoints5');
2. uavShow/drawEnvironments5.m
Add the sentence of uavShow/drawEnvironments5.m. The sentence here looks complicated, but you don't have to figure out what it means. Just add it mechanically and change the numbers. If you look at the file uavShow/drawEnvironments5.m, you'll see what I'm talking about.
%----------------1-----------------------------------
NN = 0;
pn1 = uu(1+NN); % inertial North position
pe1 = uu(2+NN); % inertial East position
pd1 = uu(3+NN); % inertial Down position
u1 = uu(4+NN); % body frame velocities
v1 = uu(5+NN);
w1 = uu(6+NN);
phi1 = uu(7+NN); % roll angle
theta1 = uu(8+NN); % pitch angle
psi1 = uu(9+NN); % yaw angle
p1 = uu(10+NN); % roll rate
q1 = uu(11+NN); % pitch rate
r1 = uu(12+NN); % yaw rate
t1 = uu(13+NN); % time
NN = NN + 13;
path1 = uu(1+NN:13+NN);
NN = NN + 13;
num_waypoints1 = uu(1+NN);
waypoints1 = reshape(uu(2+NN:5*num_waypoints1+1+NN),5,num_waypoints1)';
% define persistent variables
persistent aircraft_handle1; % figure handle for MAV
persistent path_handle1; % handle for straight-line or orbit path
persistent waypoint_handle1; % handle for waypoints
persistent Faces1
persistent Vertices1
persistent facecolors1
[Vertices1,Faces1,facecolors1] = defineAircraftBody(scale);
aircraft_handle1 = drawBody(Vertices1,Faces1,facecolors1,...
pn1,pe1,pd1,phi1,theta1,psi1,...
[], 'normal');
hold on
waypoint_handle1 = drawWaypoints(waypoints1, P.R_min, [], 'normal');
path_handle1 = drawPath(path1, S, [], 'normal');
drawBody(Vertices1,Faces1,facecolors1,...
pn1,pe1,pd1,phi1,theta1,psi1,...
aircraft_handle1);
drawWaypoints(waypoints1, P.R_min, waypoint_handle1);
drawPath(path1, S, path_handle1);3.uavShow/mavsim_show.slx
Open the uavShow/mavsim_show.slx file, simply add a few boxes and then just connect them.
For example, if you want to add the sixth uav, add four boxes: x6, time, path6, waypoints6, and then line them up down behind.
5. How to add obstacles
You can add some obstacles to test your collision avoidance algorithm.
In the file 'drawEnvironment1.m', the "buildingVertFace" is the main function to build your map. Just add some parameters to it. Then you can get your own obstacles map.
function drawMap(map)%,path,smoothedPath,tree,R_min)
% draw buildings
V = [];
F = [];
patchcolors = [];
count = 0;
for i=1:map.NumBlocks,
for j=1:map.NumBlocks,
[Vtemp,Ftemp,patchcolorstemp] = buildingVertFace(map.buildings_n(i),...
map.buildings_e(j),map.BuildingWidth,map.heights(j,i));
V = [V; Vtemp];
Ftemp = Ftemp + count;
F = [F; Ftemp];
count = count + 8;
patchcolors = [patchcolors;patchcolorstemp];
end
end
patch('Vertices', V, 'Faces', F,...
'FaceVertexCData',patchcolors,...
'FaceColor','flat');
end