About dburl

Package dburl provides a standard, URL style mechanism for parsing and opening SQL database connection strings for Go. Provides standardized way to parse and open URLs for popular databases PostgreSQL, MySQL, SQLite3, Oracle Database, Microsoft SQL Server, in addition to most other SQL databases with a publicly available Go driver.

Overview | Quickstart | Examples | Schemes | Installing | Using | About

Database Connection URL Overview

Supported database connection URLs are of the form:

protocol+transport://user:pass@host/dbname?opt1=a&opt2=b
protocol:/path/to/file

Where:

^* for Microsoft SQL Server, /dbname can be /instance/dbname, where /instance is optional. For Oracle Database, /dbname is of the form /service/dbname where /service is the service name or SID, and /dbname is optional. Please see below for examples.

Quickstart

Database connection URLs in the above format can be parsed with the dburl.Parse func as such:

import (
    "github.com/xo/dburl"
)
u, err := dburl.Parse("postgresql://user:pass@localhost/mydatabase/?sslmode=disable")
if err != nil { /* ... */ }

Additionally, a simple helper, dburl.Open, is provided that will parse, open, and return a standard sql.DB database connection:

import (
    "github.com/xo/dburl"
)
db, err := dburl.Open("sqlite:mydatabase.sqlite3?loc=auto")
if err != nil { /* ... */ }

Example URLs

The following are example database connection URLs that can be handled by dburl.Parse and dburl.Open:

postgres://user:pass@localhost/dbname
pg://user:pass@localhost/dbname?sslmode=disable
mysql://user:pass@localhost/dbname
mysql:/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
sqlserver://user:[email protected]/dbname
mssql://user:[email protected]/instance/dbname
ms://user:[email protected]:port/instance/dbname?keepAlive=10
oracle://user:[email protected]/sid
sap://user:pass@localhost/dbname
sqlite:/path/to/file.db
file:myfile.sqlite3?loc=auto
odbc+postgres://user:pass@localhost:port/dbname?option1=

Database Schemes, Aliases, and Drivers

The following table lists the supported dburl protocol schemes (ie, driver), additional aliases, and the related Go driver:

^† Requires CGO
^‡ Wire compatible (see respective driver)

Any protocol scheme alias:// can be used in place of protocol://, and will work identically with dburl.Parse and dburl.Open.

Installing

Install in the usual Go fashion:

$ go get -u github.com/xo/dburl

Using

dburl does not import any of Go's SQL drivers, as it only provides a way to parse and open database URL stylized connection strings. As such, it is necessary to explicitly import the relevant SQL driver:

import (
    // import Microsoft SQL Server driver
    _ "github.com/microsoft/go-mssqldb"
)

See the database schemes table above for a list of the expected Go driver import's.

Additional examples and API details can be found in the dburl package documentation.

URL Parsing Rules

dburl.Parse and dburl.Open rely primarily on Go's standard net/url.URL type, and as such, parsing or opening database connection URLs with dburl are subject to the same rules, conventions, and semantics as Go's net/url.Parse func.

Example

A full example for reference:

// _example/example.go
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"log"

	_ "github.com/microsoft/go-mssqldb"
	"github.com/xo/dburl"
)

func main() {
	db, err := dburl.Open("sqlserver://user:pass@localhost/dbname")
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	var name string
	if err := db.QueryRow(`SELECT name FROM mytable WHERE id=10`).Scan(&name); err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	fmt.Println("name:", name)
}

About

dburl was built primarily to support these projects:

• usql - a universal command-line interface for SQL databases
• xo - a command-line tool to generate code for SQL databases