mailR allows users to send emails from R.
It is developed as a wrapper around Apache Commons Email and offers several features to send emails from R such as:
- using authentication-based SMTP servers
- sending emails to multiple recipients (including the use of Cc, Bcc, and ReplyTo recipients)
- attaching multiple files from the file system or from URLs
- sending HTML formatted emails with inline images
18th January 2016
Enhancements
- Refinement to the stripped down text version of HTML emails for incompatible clients (thanks to @dtenenba)
- Ability to add email headers by passing a named list
headers(thanks to @dtenenba)
You can install the latest development version of mailR using devtools:
install.packages("devtools", dep = T)
library(devtools)
install_github("rpremraj/mailR")
library(mailR)The latest release of mailR is available on CRAN:
install.packages("mailR", dep = T)
library(mailR)To send an email via a SMTP server that does not require authentication:
send.mail(from = "[email protected]",
to = c("Recipient 1 <[email protected]>", "[email protected]"),
cc = c("CC Recipient <[email protected]>"),
bcc = c("BCC Recipient <[email protected]>"),
subject = "Subject of the email",
body = "Body of the email",
smtp = list(host.name = "aspmx.l.google.com", port = 25),
authenticate = FALSE,
send = TRUE)Note that aspmx.l.google.com works for gmail recipients only. Check your gmail spam folder if using this server.
To send an email via a SMTP server that requires authentication:
send.mail(from = "[email protected]",
to = c("[email protected]", "Recipient 2 <[email protected]>"),
replyTo = c("Reply to someone else <[email protected]>")
subject = "Subject of the email",
body = "Body of the email",
smtp = list(host.name = "smtp.gmail.com", port = 465, user.name = "gmail_username", passwd = "password", ssl = TRUE),
authenticate = TRUE,
send = TRUE)To send an email with utf-8 or other encoding:
email <- send.mail(from = "Sender Name <[email protected]>",
to = "[email protected]",
subject = "A quote from Gandhi",
body = "In Hindi : थोडा सा अभ्यास बहुत सारे उपदेशों से बेहतर है।
English translation: An ounce of practice is worth more than tons of preaching.",
encoding = "utf-8",
smtp = list(host.name = "smtp.gmail.com", port = 465, user.name = "gmail_username", passwd = "password", ssl = T),
authenticate = TRUE,
send = TRUE)To send an email with one or more file attachments, and set the debug parameter to see a detailed log message:
send.mail(from = "[email protected]",
to = c("[email protected]", "[email protected]"),
subject = "Subject of the email",
body = "Body of the email",
smtp = list(host.name = "smtp.gmail.com", port = 465, user.name = "gmail_username", passwd = "password", ssl = TRUE),
authenticate = TRUE,
send = TRUE,
attach.files = c("./download.log", "upload.log", "https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/5031586/How%20to%20use%20the%20Public%20folder.rtf"),
file.names = c("Download log.log", "Upload log.log", "DropBox File.rtf"), # optional parameter
file.descriptions = c("Description for download log", "Description for upload log", "DropBox File"), # optional parameter
debug = TRUE)To send a HTML formatted email:
send.mail(from = "[email protected]",
to = c("[email protected]", "[email protected]"),
subject = "Subject of the email",
body = "<html>The apache logo - <img src=\"http://www.apache.org/images/asf_logo_wide.gif\"></html>", # can also point to local file (see next example)
html = TRUE,
smtp = list(host.name = "smtp.gmail.com", port = 465, user.name = "gmail_username", passwd = "password", ssl = TRUE),
authenticate = TRUE,
send = TRUE)To send a HTML formatted email with embedded inline images:
send.mail(from = "[email protected]",
to = c("[email protected]", "[email protected]"),
subject = "Subject of the email",
body = "path.to.local.html.file",
html = TRUE,
inline = TRUE,
smtp = list(host.name = "smtp.gmail.com", port = 465, user.name = "gmail_username", passwd = "password", ssl = TRUE),
authenticate = TRUE,
send = TRUE)send.mail expects the images in the HTML file to be referenced relative to the current working directory (something to improve upon in the future).
You can add headers to your emails by passing a named list called headers. Some mail clients allow defining rules based on email headers, where such a feature can come in handy.
send.mail(from = "[email protected]",
to = c("Recipient 1 <[email protected]>", "[email protected]"),
subject = "Subject of the email",
body = "Body of the email",
smtp = list(host.name = "aspmx.l.google.com", port = 25),
headers = list("X-Department" = "Finance", "X-Source" = "Automated report"),
authenticate = FALSE,
send = TRUE)This will result in additional headers added to your email as below:
X-Department: Finance
X-Source: Automated report
Provided you have the correct SMTP settings, mailR plays well with MS Exchange. Two mailR users confirmed being able to send emails via Exchange using the following code. I also successfully use mailR at work connecting to MS Exchange.
send.mail(from = from,
to = to,
subject = subject,
body = msg,
authenticate = TRUE,
smtp = list(host.name = "smtp.office365.com", port = 587,
user.name = "[email protected]", passwd = "xxx", tls = TRUE))mailR does not currently support resolving inline images encoded using the data URI scheme. Use the workaround below instead:
First off, create the HTML file from the R terminal (the important thing here is that options does not include "base64_images" --- see ?markdown::markdownHTMLOptions):
library(knitr)
knit2html("my_report.Rmd", options = "")Now you can send the resulting HTML file via mailR:
send.mail(from = "[email protected]",
to = c("[email protected]", "[email protected]"),
subject = "HTML file generated using Markdown",
body = "my_report.html",
html = TRUE,
inline = TRUE,
smtp = list(host.name = "smtp.gmail.com", port = 465, user.name = "gmail_username", passwd = "password", ssl = TRUE),
authenticate = TRUE,
send = TRUE)Many folks have run into this error using mailR: Error in ls(envir = envir, all.names = private).
The source of the problem most likely lies in the connection to the SMTP server. This could either be due to incorrect settings (someone confirmed trying several servers at work until finally discovering the one playing well with mailR) or be a proxy issue. Turn on the debug parameter to get more pointers to resolving your problem.
While I will do my best to support you, there is little I can do remotely if you fall into this trap.
Happy to hear about issues you encounter using mailR via Github's issue tracker.
If you would like to submit a patch to improve mailR, please send a pull request to the develop branch.
6th December 2015
Enhancements
- Better handling of errors thrown by Java (thanks to @chlorenz)
- Email clients unable to view HTML emails now receive stripped down version of message (Fixes #24)
30th December 2014
Features
- Attach files to the email using URLs, e.g., you can send files from your Dropbox public folder using the URL.
- A 'debug' parameter to set that will make send.mail() provide a detailed log.
- Option to set a email address to reply to using the 'replyTo' parameter.
Enhancement
- Upgraded Commons Email Jar to version 1.3.3
- Upgraded Javax.mail Jar to version 1.5.2
08th September 2014
Enhancement
- Better resolution of paths to allow attaching files from locations other than the working directory.
- Updated documentation to give example of use on MS Exchange
12th May 2014
Features
- Added support to encode emails using iso-8859-1, utf-8, us-ascii, and koi8-r character sets.
- The body parameter can point to a locally stored text (or HTML) file and mailR will parse its contents to create the body of the email.
Bug fixes
- Experimental: changed called methods to set SSL/TLS to true to check whether it resolves issue that causes port number to default to 465.
20th April 2014
Features
- mailR now allows sending email content as HTML including allowing for embedding images as inline (currently an experimental feature).
- Email addresses conforming to RFC 2822 allowed, e.g., "FirstName LastName [email protected]" allowed.
- A java stacktrace is printed out in case of failure when sending the email to allow better root cause analysis.
Bug fixes
- Fixed a bug that incorrectly set the TLS parameter as TRUE whenever the SSL parameter was set as TRUE.