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Generic Colouriser
Radovan Garabík http://kassiopeia.juls.savba.sk/~garabik/software/grc.html
garabik @ kassiopeia.juls.savba.sk
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Being overflooded with different logfile colo(u)?ri(s|z)ers, colortails,
gccolors, colormakes and similar programs for making text files or outputs
of different programs more readable by inserting ansi colour control codes
into them, I decided to write my very own colouriser, eventually providing
the functions of all those others.
Two programs are provided: grc and grcat. The main is grcat, which acts as
a filter, i.e. taking standard input, colourising it and writing to
standard output.
grcat takes as a parameter the name of configuration file.
Directories ~/.grc/, /usr/local/share/grc/, /usr/share/grc/ are searched
for the file (in this order). If the file is not found, it is assumed to be
an absolute path of a configuration file located elsewhere.
Configuration file consists of entries, one per regexp, entries are
separated with lines with first character non-alphanumeric (except #).
Lines beginning with # or empty lines are ignored.
Each entry consists of several lines.
Each line has form:
keyword=value
where keyword is one of: regexp, colours, command, skip, count
Only regexp is mandatory, but it does not have much sense by itself
unless you specify at least a colour, skip or command keyword as well.
regexp is the regular expression to match
colours is the list of colours, separated by commas (you can specify only
one colour), each colour per one regexp group specified in regexp.
if you use special colour name "previous", colour of the previous line
of text will be used (actually, if both the first and last character of
the previous line are of different colour than the default one,
colour of the first one will be used).
Another special colour name "unchanged" will leave the colour
unchanged, useful if you need some context for matching
regular expression and you want to leave the colour of context
unchanged.
Yet another special name is an arbitrary string enclosed in
straight quotes. This string will be inserted directly into
the output in front of the matching expression. The string will
be eval'ed, so you can use usual python escape sequences.
This is useful on a 256-colour enabled xterm, where e.g.
colours="\033[38;5;22m" will give you a dark green (inspired
by Rutger Ovidius). Caveat: the string cannot contain a comma. This
is due to my laziness :-)
command is command to be executed when regexp matches. Its output will
be mixed with normal stdout, use redirectors ( >/dev/null) if you want
to suppress it.
skip can be skip=yes, if that case the matched line is skipped
(discarded from the output), or skip=no, when it is not skipped.
Default (if you do not have skip keyword) is of course not skipped.
count is one of words: once, more, stop, previous, block or unblock
once means that if the regexp is matched, its first occurrence is coloured
and the program will continue with other regexp's.
more means that if there are multiple matches of the regexp in one line,
all of them will be coloured.
stop means that the regexp will be coloured and program will move to the
next line (i.e. ignoring other regexp's)
previous means the count will be the same as for the previous line
block marks a start of a multiline block of text, coloured with
the same colour
unblock, obviously, marks the end of such a block
example:
# this is probably a pathname
regexp=/[\w/\.]+
colour=green
count=more
this will match /usr/bin, /usr/local/bin/, /etc/init.d/syslogd and similar
strings and paint it with green.
Another example:
regexp=^-{1,2}\s{0,1}$
colours=red
count=block
-
regexp=^\s{0,5}$
colours=default
count=unblock
this will turn all correctly formatted mail signatures red.
Regular expressions are evaluated from top to bottom, this allows nested
and overlapped expressions. (e.g. you colour everything inside parentheses
with one colour, and if a following expression matches the text inside
parentheses, it will be also coloured)
Typical usage:
grcat conf.log < /var/log/syslog
/usr/sbin/traceroute www.linux.org | grcat conf.traceroute
grcat conf.esperanto < Fundamento.txt | less -r
To facilitate the use, command grc acts as frontend for grcat, automatically
choosing the configuration files, so you can write:
grc netstat
grc ping hostname
grc tail /var/log/syslog
etc...
grc will execute command command with optional parameters piping its stdout
into grcat.
Configuration file for grcat is determined by /etc/grc.conf or
~/.grc/grc.conf file.
Format of /etc/grc.conf or ~/.grc/grc.conf: each entry consists of 2 lines,
between entries there can be any number of empty lines or lines beginning
with # (comments)
First line is regular expression, second line the name of configuration
file for grcat.
Configuration file after the first regular expression matching the rest of
line after grc will be passed to grcat as its configuration file
For example, if you have
# log file
\b\w+\b.*log\b
conf.log
# traceroute command
(^|[/\w\.]+/)traceroute\s
conf.traceroute
in your /etc/grc.conf, then typing grc cat /var/log/syslog will use
conf.log to colourise the output,
grc /usr/sbin/traceroute www.linux.org will use conf.traceroute
Miscellaneous remarks:
You should get yourself familiar with regular expressions. Good reading is
at http://docs.python.org/dev/howto/regex.html
The program is not yet optimized for speed. There are places that can
give a big boost if optimized.
Regular expressions are handled by python, it means that they may be
slightly different from those you know from perl or grep. It's not my
fault in that case.
Colours are one of:
none, default, bold, underline, blink, reverse, concealed,
black, green, yellow, blue, magenta, cyan, white,
on_black, on_green, on_yellow, on_blue, on_magenta, on_cyan, on_white
beep
on_red means that the background (instead of foreground) is painted
with red etc...
Additional colours can be: dark, italic, rapidblink, strikethrough.
These are supported only on some terminals, so if you want to write
portable configuration files, avoid uing them (idea by James Rowe).
there can be more attributes per line (separated by space), e.g.
# this is probably a pathname
regexp=/[\w/\.]+
colours=bold blink green
count=more
will display pathnames in bold blinking green
Hint taken from logcoloriser README:
To have your syslog show on your tty12 in colour, do:
mkfifo /dev/grc
replace (or copy and edit) the /etc/syslog.conf line
*.info;mail.*;authpriv.*;kern.*;local1.* |/dev/xconsole
with :
*.info;mail.*;authpriv.*;kern.*;local1.* |/dev/grc
and add to your syslog startup script :
grcat conf.log < /dev/grc >/dev/tty12 &
Well, simpler approach seems to be to use something like this
in your system startup script, if you have GNU tail:
tail --follow=name /var/log/syslog | grcat conf.log >/dev/tty12
or, if you have recent BSD tail:
tail -F /var/log/syslog | grcat conf.log >/dev/tty12
