Discover knowm/Yank Open Source project by Knowm (@knowm)

Yank

Ultra-Light JDBC Persistance Layer for Java Apps

In a Nutshell

Never deal with the monotony and pitfalls of handling JDBC ResultSets and Connections again. Yank deals with connection pooling and table row to Java object mapping for you so you don't have to worry about it.

Long Description

Yank is a very easy-to-use yet flexible SQL-centric persistence layer for JDBC-compatible databases build on top of org.apache.DBUtils. Yank is a different approach to the over-ORMing of Java persistence. Rather than try to abstract away the SQL underneath, Yank assumes you want low level control over the SQL queries you execute. Yank is one level higher than raw JDBC code with minimal frills. Yank wraps DBUtils, hiding the nitty-gritty Connection and ResultSet handling behind a straight-forward proxy class: Yank. "Query" methods execute SELECT statements and return POJOs or a List of POJOs. "Execute" methods execute INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE (and other) statements. Recently, annotation-based column-field mapping, batch executing, column list querying and scalar querying has been added. Since version 3.0.0, Yank uses the Hikari connection pool as its integrated connection pool.

Features

Basic Example

public static void main(String[] args) {

  // Connection Pool Properties
  Properties dbProps = new Properties();
  dbProps.setProperty("jdbcUrl", "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/Yank");
  dbProps.setProperty("username", "root");
  dbProps.setProperty("password", "");

  // setup connection pool
  Yank.setupDefaultConnectionPool(dbProps);

  // query book
  String sql = "SELECT * FROM BOOKS WHERE TITLE = ?";
  Object[] params = new Object[] { "Cryptonomicon" };
  Book book = Yank.queryBean(sql, Book.class, params);
  System.out.println(book.toString());

  // release connection pool
  Yank.releaseDefaultConnectionPool();
}

Connection Pool Configuration

Yank comes bundled with the Hikari Connection Pool. When you setup Yank using the Yank.setupDefaultConnectionPool method and pass it a Properties object, that object must at the very least contain jdbcUrl, username and password properties. Another common property is maximumPoolSize.To see a full list of available configuration properties along with their defaults, see Hikari's main README.

Hide Those Properties Away!

// Connection Pool Properties
Properties dbProps = PropertiesUtils.getPropertiesFromClasspath("MYSQL_DB.properties");

// setup data source
Yank.setupDefaultConnectionPool(dbProps);

Why? Hardcoding properties is fine for something quick and dirty, but loading them from a file is generally more convenient and flexible. For example, you may have separate properties for unit tests, development and production deployments. BTW, you can load them from a path too with: PropertiesUtils.getPropertiesFromPath(String fileName). At the bare minimum, you need to provide username, password, and jdbcUrl configuration properties.

Hide Those SQL Statements Away!

// SQL Statements in Properties file
Properties sqlProps = PropertiesUtils.getPropertiesFromClasspath("MYSQL_SQL.properties");
Yank.addSQLStatements(sqlProps);
// ...
String sqlKey = "BOOKS_CREATE_TABLE";
Yank.executeSQLKey(sqlKey, null);

Why? Sometimes it's nice to have all your SQL statements in one place. As an example see: MYSQL_SQL.properties. Also this allows you to swap databases easily without changing any code. Keep one for database type X and one for database type Y. BTW, to access the actual statements in the properties file, you use the Yank.*SQLKey(...) methods in Yank. You can also add multiple properties files and they will be merged! If the SQL statement cannot be found, a SQLStatementNotFoundException runtime exception is thrown.

Stay Organized! You Will Thank Yourself Later.

public class Book {

  private String title;
  private String author;
  private double price;
  
    // default constructor

  // getters and setters
}

public class BooksDAO {

  public static int insertBook(Book book) {

    Object[] params = new Object[] { book.getTitle(), book.getAuthor(), book.getPrice() };
    String SQL = "INSERT INTO BOOKS  (TITLE, AUTHOR, PRICE) VALUES (?, ?, ?)";
    return Yank.execute(SQL, params);
  }

  // ...

  public static List<Book> selectAllBooks() {

    String SQL = "SELECT * FROM BOOKS";
    return Yank.queryBeanList(SQL, Book.class, null);
  }
}

Why? By creating a DAO class and putting all methods related to a single database table in it, you have a single point of access to that table. In this example the BooksDAO corresponds to a table called Books, which contains rows of Book objects (a.k.a beans). Note that your beans must have the default, no args constructor.

Annotate Class Fields

public static class Book {

  private int id;
  @Column("TITEL")
  private String title;
  @Column("AUTOR")
  private String author;
  @Column("PREIS")
  private double price;
  
  // default constructor

  // getters and setters
}

The default automatic mapping from database row to Java objects happens when the object's field names match the table column names (not case-sensitive). Automatic snake case (my_column_name) to camel case (myColumnName) mapping is supported too. If that still isn't good enough, you can annotate the Java object's fields with a Column annotation.

Insert and Receive the Assigned ID

Object[] params = new Object[] { book.getTitle(), book.getAuthorName(), book.getPrice() };
String SQL = "INSERT INTO BOOKS (TITLE, AUTHOR, PRICE) VALUES (?, ?, ?)";
Long id = Yank.insert(SQL, params);

With a special Yank.insert(...) method, Yank will return the assigned auto-increment primary key ID. Note that you can alternatively use the Yank.execute(...) method for inserts, which returns the number of affected rows.

Retrieve a Column as a List

String SQL = "SELECT TITLE FROM BOOKS";
String columnName = "title";
List<String> bookTitles = Yank.queryColumnList(SQL, columnName, String.class, null);

With the Yank.queryColumnList(...) method you can retrieve a List containing objects matching column data type.

Query a Scalar Value

String SQL = "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM BOOKS";
long numBooks = Yank.querySingleScalar(SQL, Long.class, null);

With the Yank.querySingleScalar(...) method you can retrieve a single scalar value that matches the return type of the given SQL statement.

Life's a Batch

List<Book> books = new ArrayList<Book>();
// add books to list

Object[][] params = new Object[books.size()][];

for (int i = 0; i < books.size(); i++) {
  Book book = books.get(i);
  params[i] = new Object[] { book.getTitle(), book.getAuthor(), book.getPrice() };
}

String SQL = "INSERT INTO BOOKS (TITLE, AUTHOR, PRICE) VALUES (?, ?, ?)";
int numInsertedRows = Yank.executeBatch(SQL, params);

Handle Exceptions

By default Yank catches each SQLException, wraps them in a YankSQLException and logs them as error logs using the slf4J logging framework. If you want to change the behavior so that the YankSQLExceptions are instead rethrown, just call Yank.setThrowWrappedExceptions(true);. If you want direct access to the SQLException, simply call the getSqlException() method. Here's an example:

Yank.setThrowWrappedExceptions(true);

Object[] params = new Object[] { book.getTitle(), book.getAuthor(), book.getPrice() };
String SQL = "INSERT INTO BOOKS (TITLE, AUT_HOR, PRICE) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?)";
try {
  Yank.execute(SQL, params);
} catch (YankSQLException e) {
  e.printStackTrace();
SQLException sqlException = e.getSqlException();
}

org.knowm.yank.exceptions.YankSQLException: Error in SQL query!!!; row column count mismatch Query: INSERT INTO BOOKS (TITLE, AUT_HOR, PRICE) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?) Parameters: [Cryptonomicon, Neal Stephenson, 23.99]; Pool Name= yank-default; SQL= INSERT INTO BOOKS (TITLE, AUT_HOR, PRICE) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?)
...

Summary

Whether or not your app is a tiny script, a large webapp, or anything in between the main pattern to follow is the same:

Configure a connection pool: Yank.setupDefaultConnectionPool(dbProps);
Use Yank's methods: Yank.execute(...) ,Yank.executeBatch(...) , Yank.insert(...) , Yank.queryColumn(...) , Yank.queryObjectArrays(...) , Yank.queryBeanList(...) , Yank.queryBean(...) , Yank.queryScalar(...)
Release the connection pool: Yank.releaseDefaultConnectionPool();

For an example of Yank in action in a DropWizard web application see XDropWizard.

Now go ahead and study some more examples, download the thing and provide feedback.

Caveats

Yank was designed to be ultra-light and ultra-convenient and is philosophically different than most other competing libraries. Some "sacrifices" were made to stick to this design.

No multi-statement transaction service (This may be just fine for small to medium projects or to back a REST web application's API: POST, GET, PUT, and DELETE. These correspond to create, read, update, and delete (or CRUD) operations, respectively.)
Checked SQLExceptions are wrapped into unchecked YankSQLExceptions (SQL Exceptions are internally caught and wrapped. This is a heavily debated topic and many differing opinions exist. Yank, being ultra-light, catches and logs or rethrows YankSQLExceptions.)
A Hikari connection pool is used behind the scenes (Generic DataSource integration isn't supported. If you just want a connection pool that works and don't care about the specific implementation this point is irrelevant.)

For many cases, the above features are not necessary, but that's for you to determine. If you are developing a critical banking application, you will probably need those features. For other applications where 100% data integrity isn't critical (such as bitcoinium.com for example), Yank's simplicity may be attractive. In return for the sacrifices, you write less code and your code will be cleaner. Additionally, since Yank's methods are public static, you can access it from anywhere in your application and not have to worry about passing around a reference to it. If you need those missing features, check out these projects similar to Yank: sql2o and JDBI.

Getting Started

Non-Maven

Download Jar: http://knowm.org/open-source/yank/yank-change-log/

Dependencies

commons-dbutils.dbutils-1.7.0
org.slf4j.slf4j-api-1.7.32
com.zaxxer.HikariCP-4.0.3
a JDBC-compliant Connector jar

Maven

The Yank release artifacts are hosted on Maven Central.

Add the Yank library as a dependency to your pom.xml file:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.knowm</groupId>
    <artifactId>yank</artifactId>
    <version>3.4.0</version>
</dependency>

For snapshots, add the following to your pom.xml file:

<repository>
  <id>sonatype-oss-snapshot</id>
  <snapshots/>
  <url>https://oss.sonatype.org/content/repositories/snapshots</url>
</repository>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.knowm</groupId>
    <artifactId>yank</artifactId>
    <version>3.4.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>

Building

general

mvn clean package  
mvn javadoc:javadoc

Check for updated dependencies

mvn versions:display-dependency-updates
mvn versions:display-plugin-updates

Formatting

mvn com.coveo:fmt-maven-plugin:format

Formats your code using google-java-format which follows Google's code styleguide.

If you want your IDE to stick to the same format, check out the available configuration plugins:

Eclipse

Download google-java-format-eclipse-plugin_*.jar and place in /Applications/Eclipse Java.app/Contents/Eclipse/dropins. Restart Eclipse. Select the plugin in Preferences > Java > Code Style > Formatter > Formatter Implementation.

IntelliJ

In the plugins section in IntelliJ search for google-java-format and install the plugin. Restart IntelliJ.

DropWizard Integration

If you want to integrate Yank into a DropWizard application, head over to XDropWizard and grab YankManager.java and add a simple configuration to your DropWizard myapp.yml file.

Bugs

Please report any bugs or submit feature requests to Yank's Github issue tracker.

knowm/Yank

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