Moon
Moon is an minimal, JIT-compilable, portable and secure code-interchange format. It is:
-
Safe: Moon isolates logic from side-effects, allowing you to securely run code from untrusted sources.
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Fast: when compiled to JS, it beats popular libs by a large margin.
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Compact: Moon has a canonical binary format for very small bundles.
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Decentralized: Moon imports are hash-addressed, recursively resolved from IPFS.
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Small: this entire implementation, for example, is a 7.5K JS file (gzipped).
Formally, Moon is just untyped λ-calculus extended with numbers, strings and maps.
Usage / Examples
Running code
To evaluate some code, simply use Moon.run():
const Moon = require("moon-lang")();
const program = `
maximum = array =>
(for 0 (get array "length") 0 index => result =>
value = (get array (stn index))
(if (gtn value result)
value
result))
(maximum [1 7 6 9 5 2 8])
`;
console.log(Moon.run(program));This is safe to do no matter the code contents, because Moon runs fully sandboxed.
Compiling Moon to a native function
You can also JIT-compile it to fast native functions:
const Moon = require("moon-lang")();
const factorial = Moon.parse(`n =>
(for 1 (add n 1) 1 i => result =>
(mul i result))
`);
console.log(factorial(4));Decompiling a native function to Moon
And the other way around:
const Moon = require("moon-lang")();
const pair = Moon.parse("a => b => [a b]");
console.log(Moon.stringify(pair(1)));Loading code from IPFS
Moon can recursivelly import hash-addressed terms from IPFS:
const Moon = require("moon-lang")();
(async () => {
const sum = Moon.parse(await Moon.imports(`n =>
// Imports array library from IPFS
List = zb2rha9PW5Wnvhvz1n7pxXFZoMzeD3NxKYdZUHgxEsbhW8B4D
reduce = (List "foldr")
range = (List "range")
(reduce (add) 0 (range 0 n))
`));
console.log(sum(5000000));
})();Saving code to IPFS
It can also easily publish those terms:
const Moon = require("moon-lang")();
(async () => {
const cid = await Moon.save("x => (mul x 2)");
console.log(cid);
const double = Moon.parse(await Moon.imports(cid));
console.log(double(7));
})();Performing side-effects (IO)
Moon itself is pure, but it can perform side-effective computations by injecting the effects from the host language. To avoid the "callback-hell", you can use Moon's monadic notation:
do = zb2rhkLJtRQwHz9e5GjiQkBtjL2SzZZByogr1uNZFyzJGA9dX
askPowerLevel = loop@ lazy =>
| power =< (do "prompt" "What is your power level? ")
(if (gtn (stn power) 9000)
| (do "print" "No, it is not.")>
(loop 0)
| (do "print" "Ah, that's cute!")>
(do "stop"))
(askPowerLevel 0)You can run the code above using moon-tool:
moon runio zb2rhjR4sMEiMQ9m9bNCnavSUjEDzUvSrtAhuJStRWHcvNzb8Optimizing code
-
Use
#to fully inline an expression. -
Use
{fast:true}option (faster, only tradeoff is it can't be decompiled). -
Don't use recursive algorithms (map, reduce, etc.) directly on arrays; convert to churh-lists to enable fusion.
(async () => {
// Notice the hash (#): it fully inlines an expression, making it 8x faster.
const dotCode = `# x0 => y0 => z0 => x1 => y1 => z1 =>
Array = zb2rhYmsjmQuJivUtDRARcobLbApVQZE1CwqhfnbBxmYuGpXx
a = [x0 y0 z0]
b = [x1 y1 z1]
(Array "sum" (Array "zipWith" (mul) a b))
`;
// Also, use {fast:true}
const dot = Moon.parse(await Moon.imports(dotCode), {fast:true});
// Call it a ton of times
var dots = 0;
for (var i = 0; i < 1000000; ++i) {
dots += dot(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6);
}
console.log(dots);
// Check the difference on the output
console.log(Moon.compile(await Moon.imports(dotCode)));
})();Exporting Moon libs to npm
CLI
Check out moon-tool.
TODO
- Time limit option