高仿豆瓣页面
更新地点: 首发于公众号,第二天更新于掘金、思否、开发者头条等地方;
更多交流: 可以添加我的微信 372623326,关注我的微博:coderwhy
时间问题,没有非常详细说明每个步骤,后续希望可以更新一个视频为大家讲解。
一. 数据请求和转化
1.1. 网络请求简单封装
目前我还没有详细讲解网络请求相关的知识,开发中我们更多选择地方的dio。
后面我会详细讲解网络请求的几种方式,我这里基于dio进行了一个简单工具的封装:
配置文件存放:http_config.dart
const baseURL = "http://123.207.32.32:8000";
const timeout = 5000;
网络请求工具文件:http_request.dart
- 目前只是封装了一个方法,更多细节后续再补充
import 'package:dio/dio.dart';
import 'http_config.dart';
class HttpRequest {
// 1.创建实例对象
static BaseOptions baseOptions = BaseOptions(connectTimeout: timeout);
static Dio dio = Dio(baseOptions);
static Future<T> request<T>(String url, {String method = "get",Map<String, dynamic> params}) async {
// 1.单独相关的设置
Options options = Options();
options.method = method;
// 2.发送网络请求
try {
Response response = await dio.request<T>(url, queryParameters: params, options: options);
return response.data;
} on DioError catch (e) {
throw e;
}
}
}
1.2. 首页数据请求转化
豆瓣数据的获取
这里我使用豆瓣的API接口来请求数据:
模型对象的封装
在面向对象的开发中,数据请求下来并不会像前端那样直接使用,而是封装成模型对象:
- 前端开发者很容易没有面向对象的思维或者类型的思维。
- 但是目前前端开发正在向TypeScript发展,也在帮助我们强化这种思维方式。
为了方便之后使用请求下来的数据,我将数据划分成了如下的模型:
Person、Actor、Director模型:它们会被使用到MovieItem中
class Person {
String name;
String avatarURL;
Person.fromMap(Map<String, dynamic> json) {
this.name = json["name"];
this.avatarURL = json["avatars"]["medium"];
}
}
class Actor extends Person {
Actor.fromMap(Map<String, dynamic> json): super.fromMap(json);
}
class Director extends Person {
Director.fromMap(Map<String, dynamic> json): super.fromMap(json);
}
MovieItem模型:
int counter = 1;
class MovieItem {
int rank;
String imageURL;
String title;
String playDate;
double rating;
List<String> genres;
List<Actor> casts;
Director director;
String originalTitle;
MovieItem.fromMap(Map<String, dynamic> json) {
this.rank = counter++;
this.imageURL = json["images"]["medium"];
this.title = json["title"];
this.playDate = json["year"];
this.rating = json["rating"]["average"];
this.genres = json["genres"].cast<String>();
this.casts = (json["casts"] as List<dynamic>).map((item) {
return Actor.fromMap(item);
}).toList();
this.director = Director.fromMap(json["directors"][0]);
this.originalTitle = json["original_title"];
}
}
首页数据请求封装以及模型转化
这里我封装了一个专门的类,用于请求首页的数据,这样让我们的请求代码更加规范的管理:HomeRequest
- 目前类中只有一个方法getMovieTopList;
- 后续有其他首页数据需要请求,就继续在这里封装请求的方法;
import 'package:douban_app/models/home_model.dart';
import 'http_request.dart';
class HomeRequest {
Future<List<MovieItem>> getMovieTopList(int start, int count) async {
// 1.拼接URL
final url = "https://douban.uieee.com/v2/movie/top250?start=$start&count=$count";
// 2.发送请求
final result = await HttpRequest.request(url);
// 3.转成模型对象
final subjects = result["subjects"];
List<MovieItem> movies = [];
for (var sub in subjects) {
movies.add(MovieItem.fromMap(sub));
}
return movies;
}
}
在home.dart文件中请求数据
二. 界面效果实现
2.1. 首页整体代码
首页整体布局非常简单,使用一个ListView即可
import 'package:douban_app/models/home_model.dart';
import 'package:douban_app/network/home_request.dart';
import 'package:douban_app/views/home/childCpns/movie_list_item.dart';
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
const COUNT = 20;
class Home extends StatelessWidget {
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return Scaffold(
appBar: AppBar(
title: Text("首页"),
),
body: Center(
child: HomeContent(),
),
);
}
}
class HomeContent extends StatefulWidget {
@override
_HomeContentState createState() => _HomeContentState();
}
class _HomeContentState extends State<HomeContent> {
// 初始化首页的网络请求对象
HomeRequest homeRequest = HomeRequest();
int _start = 0;
List<MovieItem> movies = [];
@override
void initState() {
super.initState();
// 请求电影列表数据
getMovieTopList(_start, COUNT);
}
void getMovieTopList(start, count) {
homeRequest.getMovieTopList(start, count).then((result) {
setState(() {
movies.addAll(result);
});
});
}
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return ListView.builder(
itemCount: movies.length,
itemBuilder: (BuildContext context, int index) {
return MovieListItem(movies[index]);
}
);
}
}
2.2. 单独Item局部
下面是针对界面结构的分析:
大家按照对应的结构,实现代码即可:
import 'package:douban_app/components/dash_line.dart';
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:douban_app/models/home_model.dart';
import 'package:douban_app/components/star_rating.dart';
class MovieListItem extends StatelessWidget {
final MovieItem movie;
MovieListItem(this.movie);
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return Container(
padding: EdgeInsets.all(10),
decoration: BoxDecoration(
border: Border(bottom: BorderSide(width: 10, color: Color(0xffe2e2e2)))
),
child: Column(
crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.start,
children: <Widget>[
// 1.电影排名
getMovieRankWidget(),
SizedBox(height: 12),
// 2.具体内容
getMovieContentWidget(),
SizedBox(height: 12),
// 3.电影简介
getMovieIntroduceWidget(),
SizedBox(height: 12,)
],
),
);
}
// 电影排名
Widget getMovieRankWidget() {
return Container(
padding: EdgeInsets.fromLTRB(9, 4, 9, 4),
decoration: BoxDecoration(
borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(3),
color: Color.fromARGB(255, 238, 205, 144)
),
child: Text(
"No.${movie.rank}",
style: TextStyle(fontSize: 18, color: Color.fromARGB(255, 131, 95, 36)),
)
);
}
// 具体内容
Widget getMovieContentWidget() {
return Container(
height: 150,
child: Row(
crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.start,
children: <Widget>[
getContentImage(),
getContentDesc(),
getDashLine(),
getContentWish()
],
),
);
}
Widget getContentImage() {
return ClipRRect(
borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(5),
child: Image.network(movie.imageURL)
);
}
Widget getContentDesc() {
return Expanded(
child: Container(
padding: EdgeInsets.symmetric(horizontal: 15),
child: Column(
crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.start,
children: <Widget>[
getTitleWidget(),
SizedBox(height: 3,),
getRatingWidget(),
SizedBox(height: 3,),
getInfoWidget()
],
),
),
);
}
Widget getDashLine() {
return Container(
width: 1,
height: 100,
child: DashedLine(
axis: Axis.vertical,
dashedHeight: 6,
dashedWidth: .5,
count: 12,
),
);
}
Widget getTitleWidget() {
return Stack(
children: <Widget>[
Icon(Icons.play_circle_outline, color: Colors.redAccent,),
Text.rich(
TextSpan(
children: [
TextSpan(
text: " " + movie.title,
style: TextStyle(
fontSize: 18,
fontWeight: FontWeight.bold
)
),
TextSpan(
text: "(${movie.playDate})",
style: TextStyle(
fontSize: 18,
color: Colors.black54
),
)
]
),
maxLines: 2,
),
],
);
}
Widget getRatingWidget() {
return Row(
crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.end,
children: <Widget>[
StarRating(rating: movie.rating, size: 18,),
SizedBox(width: 5),
Text("${movie.rating}")
],
);
}
Widget getInfoWidget() {
// 1.获取种类字符串
final genres = movie.genres.join(" ");
final director = movie.director.name;
var castString = "";
for (final cast in movie.casts) {
castString += cast.name + " ";
}
// 2.创建Widget
return Text(
"$genres / $director / $castString",
maxLines: 2,
overflow: TextOverflow.ellipsis,
style: TextStyle(fontSize: 16),
);
}
Widget getContentWish() {
return Container(
width: 60,
child: Column(
mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.start,
children: <Widget>[
SizedBox(height: 20,),
Image.asset("assets/images/home/wish.png", width: 30,),
SizedBox(height: 5,),
Text(
"想看",
style: TextStyle(fontSize: 16, color: Color.fromARGB(255, 235, 170, 60)),
)
],
),
);
}
// 电影简介(原生名称)
Widget getMovieIntroduceWidget() {
return Container(
width: double.infinity,
padding: EdgeInsets.all(12),
decoration: BoxDecoration(
color: Color(0xfff2f2f2),
borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(5)
),
child: Text(movie.originalTitle, style: TextStyle(fontSize: 18, color: Colors.black54),),
);
}
}
备注:所有内容首发于公众号,之后除了Flutter也会更新其他技术文章,TypeScript、React、Node、uniapp、mpvue、数据结构与算法等等,也会更新一些自己的学习心得等,欢迎大家关注